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Review and Preview

Review and Preview

In statistics, several tools are used to interpret the data. Measures of central tendency represent the characteristics of the data, such as mean, median, and mode. Additionally, measures of variance like standard deviation and range are used to find the spread of data from the mean. Relative standing measures the distance between data locations. Commonly used measures of relative standings are percentile, z score, and quartiles.
Percentiles are a type of fractile that partition data into...

Review and Preview

Review and Preview

Data are individual items of information obtained from a population or sample. Data may be classified as qualitative (categorical), quantitative continuous, or quantitative discrete. Because it is not practical to measure the entire population in a study, researchers use samples to represent the population. A random sample is a representative group from the population chosen by using a method that gives each individual in the population an equal chance of being included in the sample. Random...

Decision Making

Decision Making

Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
Automatic decision-making is fast, intuitive, and relies on gut feelings...

Inhaled Medications

Inhaled Medications

Inhaled medications are crucial for managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. They are essential for effective treatment and control, ensuring optimal respiratory health and well-being. Inhaled medication delivers drugs directly to the lungs, providing a rapid onset of action and reducing systemic side effects compared to oral or injectable medications. Three primary types of inhalation devices are used to administer these medications: nebulizers, metered-dose inhalers...

Primary Healthcare Services

Primary Healthcare Services

Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
In 1978, international leaders convened in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, for what would be a pivotal event in global health. The Alma-Ata Declaration was the first to call...

Preventive Healthcare Services

Preventive Healthcare Services

Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:

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Consumer decision making for using comprehensive medication review services.

Yiran Zhang, William R Doucette

Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : Japha

|January 8, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Older adults are more likely to use medication reviews when recommended by healthcare professionals and when they understand the benefits. Promoting these services requires collaboration and clear communication of advantages.

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Area of Science:

Gerontology
Health Services Research
Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background:

Medicare Part D offers Comprehensive Medication Reviews (CMRs) to older adults.
Understanding factors influencing CMR utilization is crucial for improving medication management in this population.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify key factors associated with older adults' decision-making process for utilizing Medicare Part D's Comprehensive Medication Review (CMR) services.

Main Methods:

A cross-sectional, self-administered mailed survey was conducted.
Data were collected from 381 Medicare Part D beneficiaries aged 65+ across four states and an Iowa senior registry.

Main Results:

Positive associations with CMR use included recommendations from pharmacists or physicians, prior pharmacist communication, perceived susceptibility to medication issues, and positive outcome expectations.
Negative associations included perceived functional risks and influence from family or friends.

Conclusions:

Healthcare professional recommendations and understanding of CMR benefits significantly influence older adults' decisions to use these services.
Strategies to increase CMR uptake should involve collaboration between pharmacists and physicians and emphasize the service's benefits.