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Related Concept Videos

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The microscopic anatomy of the liver is a complex and intricate system that comprises numerous structural units known as liver lobules, each of which is comparable in size to a sesame seed. These hexagonal structures consist of plates of liver cells or hepatocytes, which are characterized by their versatility and abundance of cellular apparatus like rough and smooth ER, Golgi apparatus, peroxisomes, and mitochondria.
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The liver, the largest gland within the human body, is a firm and reddish-brown organ. This wedge-shaped structure weighs approximately 1.5 kg and occupies a significant portion of the right hypochondriac and epigastric regions. It extends more to the right of the body's midline than to the left.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 31, 2026

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Liver segment imaging using monocyte sequestration: a potential tool for fluorescence-guided liver surgery.

Baifeng Qian1, Daisuke Kyuno1,2, Michael Schäfer1

  • 1Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.

Theranostics
|January 8, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Labeled monocytes can accurately identify liver segments for surgical navigation. This novel technique offers improved precision in liver surgery by highlighting specific liver segments and their boundaries.

Keywords:
IRDye 800CWIntraoperative navigationintravascular sequestration

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatobiliary Surgery
  • Medical Imaging
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Accurate liver segment identification is crucial for successful liver resection and patient outcomes.
  • Current methods for liver segment demarcation include intraoperative ultrasound and indocyanine green near-infrared imaging.
  • The study explores a novel approach using monocyte sequestration for liver segment labeling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally evaluate the utility of monocyte sequestration for liver segment labeling and imaging.
  • To assess the safety and efficacy of labeled monocytes in demarcating liver segments.
  • To investigate the potential of this technique for surgical navigation in liver surgery.

Main Methods:

  • Human monocytes were isolated and labeled with fluorescent dyes (calcein or IRDye 800CW).
  • In vitro analysis assessed monocyte toxicity, labeling stability, and ICAM-1 adhesion.
  • In vivo studies involved ex vivo liver perfusion and intraportal injection in mouse models to observe monocyte sequestration and liver segment demarcation.

Main Results:

  • Direct labeling with IRDye 800CW yielded high efficiency, stability, and cell viability.
  • Labeled monocytes showed significant sequestration in the liver microvasculature, enabling excellent segment labeling and boundary demarcation.
  • Monocyte sequestration was notably reduced in tumor-associated blood vessels compared to normal liver tissue.

Conclusions:

  • Superselective application of labeled monocytes effectively demarcates selected liver segments.
  • This technique demonstrates potential as a novel tool for surgical navigation during liver surgery.
  • The differential sequestration in tumor vasculature suggests potential for distinguishing tumor margins.