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Perioperative and Anesthetic Management of Coarctation of the Aorta

Eric B Fox1, Gregory J Latham1, Faith J Ross1

  • 11 Seattle Children's Hospital, Seattle, WA, USA.

Seminars in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia
|January 8, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Isolated coarctation of the aorta, a common congenital heart defect, causes aortic obstruction. Treatment involves surgery or interventional procedures like balloon dilation and stenting, with anesthetic management also reviewed.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Congenital Heart Disease
  • Vascular Surgery

Background:

  • Isolated coarctation of the aorta is a frequent congenital heart defect.
  • It causes varying degrees of aortic outflow obstruction.
  • Clinical symptoms range from asymptomatic hypertension to cardiogenic shock.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the pathophysiology of isolated coarctation of the aorta.
  • To describe current surgical and interventional treatment options.
  • To review anesthetic management for these interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of pathophysiology of coarctation of the aorta.
  • Description of surgical repair techniques.
  • Explanation of interventional therapies including balloon dilation and stent placement.
  • Overview of anesthetic considerations.

Main Results:

  • Coarctation of the aorta presents a spectrum of clinical manifestations.
  • Surgical and interventional methods offer effective treatment strategies.
  • Anesthetic management is crucial for successful outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • Isolated coarctation of the aorta requires timely diagnosis and management.
  • Both surgical and interventional approaches are viable treatment options.
  • Comprehensive anesthetic planning is essential for patient safety.

Keywords:
anesthetic managementcardiac anesthesiacoarctation of the aortacongenital heart diseasepediatrics

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