Ex vivo classification of spinal cord tumors using autofluorescence spectroscopy and immunohistochemical indexes

Spinal cord tumors are complicated and infrequent, which poses a major challenge to surgeons during neurosurgery. Currently, the intraoperative identification of the tissues' pathological properties is usually difficult for surgeons. This issue influences the decision-making in treatment planning. Traditional pathological diagnoses can facilitate judging the tissues' properties, but the diagnosis process is complex and time-consuming. In this study, we evaluated the potential of autofluorescence spectroscopy for the fast pathological diagnosis of specific spinal cord tumors. The spectral properties of six types of spinal cord tumors were acquired ex vivo. Several peak intensity ratios were calculated for classification and then associated with the pathological immunohistochemical indexes. Our results revealed the spectral properties of three types of intramedullary tumors different from those of the other three types of extramedullary tumors. Furthermore, some peak intensity ratios revealed a high correlation with the immunohistochemical index of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Thus, we believe that autofluorescence spectroscopy has the potential to provide real-time pathological information of spinal cord tumors and help surgeons validate tumor types and perform precise tumor resection.