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Life-threatening fluid and electrolyte abnormalities associated with cancer
1Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.
Critical Care Clinics
|January 1, 1988
Summary
This review focuses on critical fluid and electrolyte imbalances in cancer patients, particularly those seen in the ICU. It covers abnormalities caused by neoplasms, cancer therapy, and ectopic hormone secretion, including management strategies.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Nephrology
- Intensive Care Medicine
Background:
- Neoplasms and their treatments can lead to severe fluid and electrolyte disturbances.
- These abnormalities pose significant risks, especially in the intensive care unit (ICU) setting.
- Ectopic hormone secretion by tumors is a key mechanism for electrolyte imbalance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review life-threatening fluid and electrolyte abnormalities specific to cancer and its therapy.
- To highlight clinical phenomena encountered in the ICU.
- To discuss the management of these oncologic emergencies.
Main Methods:
- Literature review focusing on cancer-related fluid and electrolyte disorders.
- Emphasis on clinical presentations and ICU management.
- Inclusion of ectopic hormone secretion and its consequences.
Main Results:
- Cancer and its treatment are significant causes of critical electrolyte abnormalities.
- Specific syndromes related to ectopic hormone secretion by tumors are detailed.
- Effective management strategies for ICU settings are presented.
Conclusions:
- Fluid and electrolyte imbalances are common and dangerous complications in cancer care.
- Early recognition and specific management are crucial for ICU patients with cancer.
- Understanding tumor-related endocrine effects is vital for managing these patients.