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Language Network Function in Young Children Born Very Preterm.

Eun Jung Choi1,2, Marlee M Vandewouw1,3, Julia M Young1,3,4

  • 1Department of Diagnostic Imaging, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.

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|January 9, 2019
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Children born very preterm (VPT) show altered language network connectivity. This study reveals decreased functional connectivity in key language regions, impacting language development in these children.

Keywords:
Broca’s areaWernicke’s areachildrenlanguage networkresting-state functional connectivityvery preterm-born

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Pediatric Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Language deficits are common in children born very preterm (VPT).
  • Previous studies identified functional brain network alterations in VPT children, but early language network development remains understudied.
  • Understanding early language network connectivity is crucial for identifying developmental trajectories and potential interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare intrinsic language network connectivity in 4-year-old children born VPT versus term-born controls.
  • To investigate the relationship between language network connectivity and language outcomes in VPT children.
  • To examine early developmental alterations in the brain's language network.

Main Methods:

  • Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to assess intrinsic brain activity.
  • Connectivity was analyzed using seed-based correlation from defined language regions (Broca's, Wernicke's areas, and their homologues).
  • Group differences in whole-brain connectivity were examined, alongside correlations with standardized language assessments.

Main Results:

  • Children born VPT exhibited significantly decreased functional connectivity across most language regions compared to term-born controls.
  • The right hemisphere homologue of Broca's area showed reduced connectivity to the inferior frontal and supramarginal gyri, with stronger connections correlating with better language outcomes.
  • Decreased intra- and inter-hemispheric connections were observed between Wernicke's area and its homologue with the supramarginal gyri in the VPT group.

Conclusions:

  • Very preterm birth is associated with immature and altered functional connectivity within the language network during early childhood.
  • Specific connectivity patterns, particularly involving Broca's area homologue, are linked to language outcomes at age 4.
  • These findings highlight the need for early monitoring and potential therapeutic strategies for language development in VPT children.