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Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

269
Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
269
Noncompartmental Analysis: Mean Residence Time01:05

Noncompartmental Analysis: Mean Residence Time

598
According to statistical moment theory, mean residence time (MRT) is an important measure in pharmacokinetics. MRT can be defined as the expected mean of a probability density function distribution. It provides valuable insights into drug disposition in the body.
After the administration of a drug through intravenous bolus injection, the drug molecules are distributed throughout the body and remain there for varying periods. The MRT represents the average time these drug molecules stay in the...
598
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

235
Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
235
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

259
Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are...
259
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism

215
Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
215
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

253
In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
253

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Geriatrics Curriculum Needs Assessment for Dermatology Residency Programs.

Justin Endo, Adam Awe, Shalini T Reddy

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    |January 9, 2019
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    Geriatric dermatology education in US residency programs shows gaps between desired and actual curricula. Key areas like holistic care and elder abuse need expansion, despite cosmetic dermatology being commonly taught.

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    Area of Science:

    • Medical Education
    • Geriatric Dermatology
    • Dermatology Residency Training

    Background:

    • Geriatric patients represent a significant and growing demographic in dermatology clinics.
    • Current dermatology residency programs lack specific geriatrics training requirements.
    • The unique biopsychosocial needs of older adults are often unaddressed in standard curricula.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To assess the current state of geriatrics education within US dermatology residency programs.
    • To identify perceived essential geriatrics topics for dermatology trainees.
    • To explore barriers and facilitators for enhancing geriatrics curricula.

    Main Methods:

    • A constructivist, mixed-methods approach using surveys, semistructured interviews, and curricular material analysis.
    • Purposive sampling of five diverse US academic allopathic dermatology programs.
    • Qualitative analysis via constant comparative method and grounded theory; quantitative analysis of formal curricular content.

    Main Results:

    • Significant agreement among participants on essential topics, including common geriatric skin diseases, holistic care, and aging science.
    • Identified need for expanded coverage in communication, ethics, safe prescribing, and elder abuse.
    • Cosmetic dermatology was the most frequently covered formal geriatrics topic in the 2016 curricula.

    Conclusions:

    • Discrepancies exist between the perceived importance of geriatric dermatology topics and their actual curricular integration.
    • Challenges in curriculum expansion were identified, alongside potential strategies for improvement.
    • There is a clear need to enhance geriatrics education to meet the needs of the aging patient population.