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Interaural Pitch-Discrimination Range Effects for Bilateral and Single-Sided-Deafness Cochlear-Implant Users
Matthew J Goupell1, Stefano Cosentino2, Olga A Stakhovskaya2,3
1Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA. goupell@umd.edu.
Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO
|January 10, 2019
Summary
Contextual biases significantly impact pitch discrimination in bilateral cochlear implant (BI-CI) and single-sided deafness CI (SSD-CI) users. These biases affect interaural frequency alignment, crucial for spatial hearing improvements.
Area of Science:
- Auditory Neuroscience
- Neuroscience
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Bilateral cochlear implants (BI-CIs) and unilateral cochlear implants (CIs) for single-sided deafness (SSD) aim to improve sound localization and speech understanding in noise.
- Spatial hearing relies on interaural time and level differences, computed from frequency-matched inputs.
- Ensuring frequency-matched inputs is critical for BI-CI and SSD-CI users, as current devices may not always provide this.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the influence of contextual biases on interaural pitch discrimination in both BI-CI and SSD-CI users.
- To determine if these biases affect the accuracy of interaural frequency alignment for cochlear implant users.
- To assess the impact of testing range and reference electrode selection on pitch matching.
Main Methods:
- Replicated previous findings on SSD-CI listeners regarding contextual biases in interaural pitch discrimination.
- Extended the investigation to BI-CI listeners to assess similar biases.
- Manipulated the testing range (full, apical, basal) and reference electrode (fixed, randomized) to evaluate their effects on pitch matching.
Main Results:
- A significant testing range bias was observed in both BI-CI (63%) and SSD-CI (43%) users, shifting pitch matches substantially.
- Pitch-match accuracy was diminished, with reference electrode changes causing significant shifts (BI-CI: 34%, SSD-CI: 40%).
- These biases were present even in BI-CI users, suggesting they are not solely due to interaural asymmetry.
Conclusions:
- Contextual biases, particularly the testing range effect, significantly influence interaural pitch discrimination in CI users.
- These biases can compromise the accuracy of interaural place-of-stimulation estimates derived from pitch discrimination tasks.
- Minimizing or accounting for the range effect is crucial for reliable interaural place-pitch comparisons in CI users.
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