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Modeling the mechanosensitivity of fast-crawling cells on cyclically stretched substrates
John J Molina1, Ryoichi Yamamoto2
1Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. john@cheme.kyoto-u.ac.jp.
Soft Matter
|January 10, 2019
Summary
Cell mechanosensitivity, crucial for biological systems, is modeled computationally. Our model reveals how cell membrane, cytoskeleton, and focal adhesion dynamics influence frequency-dependent cell reorientation on stretched substrates.
Area of Science:
- Cell biology
- Biophysics
- Computational modeling
Background:
- Cell mechanosensitivity is vital for biological functions.
- Cell reorientation on stretched substrates is a key experimental method.
- Underlying mechanisms of cell mechanosensitivity remain incompletely understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a computational model for fast crawling cells on cyclically stretched substrates.
- To investigate the role of sub-cellular elements (membrane, cytoskeleton, focal adhesions) in cell reorientation.
- To understand the frequency-dependent reorientation observed experimentally.
Main Methods:
- Computational modeling of cell mechanics.
- Inclusion of cell membrane dynamics.
- Modeling of actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesion dynamics.
- Simulation of cell response to cyclic substrate stretching.
Main Results:
- Model reproduces frequency-dependent cell reorientation.
- Simulations predict different reorientation patterns (none, bi-stable, complete).
- Asymmetric adhesion dynamics can selectively align cells.
- Focal adhesion dynamics are critical for mechanosensitive response.
Conclusions:
- Computational model provides insights into cell mechanosensitivity.
- Focal adhesion dynamics play a significant role in cell reorientation.
- Model aids in interpreting experimental observations of cell mechanosensitivity.
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