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Print-based self-help interventions for smoking cessation.

Jonathan Livingstone-Banks1, José M Ordóñez-Mena, Jamie Hartmann-Boyce

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Print-based self-help materials can increase successful smoking cessation when no other support is available. Tailored materials show benefits, but not when compared to similarly delivered untailored materials. Further research is needed for low- and middle-income countries.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Behavioral Science
  • Evidence-Based Medicine

Background:

  • Many smokers attempt to quit independently.
  • Structured self-help materials may improve quit rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the effectiveness of print-based self-help smoking cessation materials.
  • To compare different components like tailoring and targeting.
  • To evaluate effectiveness against no treatment and minimal contact strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
  • Included trials with at least six months follow-up.
  • Defined self-help as structured programming without intensive therapist contact.

Main Results:

  • Standard self-help materials showed a small benefit compared to no intervention (RR 1.19).
  • Tailored self-help materials demonstrated a benefit compared to no self-help (RR 1.34).
  • No added benefit was found when self-help materials were adjuncts to professional advice or nicotine replacement therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Print-based self-help materials are effective when no other support is available.
  • Tailored self-help materials are more effective than no intervention.
  • More research is needed in low- and middle-income countries.