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A lateral flow assay for copper(II) utilizing catalytic and stem-loop based signal amplification.

Yulong Wang1,2, Limin Wang3, Cunzheng Zhang4

  • 1Key Lab of Food Quality and Safety of Jiangsu Province-State Key Laboratory Breeding Base, Key Laboratory of Control Technology and Standard for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 210014, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.

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PubMed
Summary

This study presents a novel DNAzyme-based lateral flow assay for sensitive and rapid detection of copper ions (Cu(II)). The assay offers semiquantitative analysis with a low detection limit, suitable for various applications.

Keywords:
Copper ionsDNAzymeGold nanoparticleSemiquantitativeTarget recyclingVisual detection

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biotechnology
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Copper(II) (Cu(II)) detection is crucial for environmental and health monitoring.
  • Existing methods for Cu(II) detection can be complex, time-consuming, or lack sensitivity.
  • Lateral flow assays (LFAs) offer a rapid and portable platform for diagnostics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a highly sensitive and specific DNAzyme-based lateral flow assay for semiquantitative detection of Cu(II).
  • To establish a visual detection limit significantly lower than regulatory standards for drinking water.
  • To demonstrate the potential for extending this detection scheme to other metal ions.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a DNAzyme-based catalytic and stem-loop amplification strategy for signal enhancement.
  • Developed a Cu(II)-specific lateral flow assay (LFA) with three test lines for semiquantitative analysis.
  • Employed gold nanoparticles for visual color band generation, correlating band intensity with Cu(II) concentration.

Main Results:

  • Achieved a visual detection limit of 2 ng·mL⁻¹ for Cu(II), which is substantially lower than the U.S. EPA limit.
  • Successfully established four distinct detection ranges for Cu(II) (0-2, 2-50, 50-200, and >200 ng·mL⁻¹).
  • Demonstrated high specificity, sensitivity, and rapidity due to the DNAzyme's catalytic properties and amplification strategy.

Conclusions:

  • The developed DNAzyme-based LFA provides a sensitive, specific, and rapid method for semiquantitative Cu(II) detection.
  • This assay platform offers a significant improvement over existing methods and meets stringent environmental standards.
  • The strategy is adaptable for detecting other metal ions by selecting appropriate ion-specific DNAzymes.