Planning considerations for persons with access and functional needs in a disaster-Part 2: Evacuation and sheltering

Area of Science:

• Public Health
• Emergency Management
• Disaster Medicine

Background:

• Disasters disproportionately impact individuals with access and functional needs, leading to higher morbidity and mortality rates.
• Effective disaster management requires addressing the unique challenges faced by this vulnerable population.
• A comprehensive, all-hazard approach is crucial for inclusive disaster preparedness.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify individuals with access and functional needs in disaster contexts.
• To explore the legal considerations and specific issues pertinent to this population during emergencies.
• To provide recommendations for integrating these individuals into disaster management strategies.

Main Methods:

• This three-part series reviews existing literature and best practices.
• Part one focuses on population identification and legal frameworks.
• Parts two and three delve into specific needs including CMIST (Communication, Medical needs, Independence, Supervision, Transportation) and mental health.

Main Results:

• Individuals with access and functional needs require tailored approaches during all phases of disaster management.
• Legal considerations are paramount in ensuring equitable care and resource allocation.
• The CMIST framework highlights critical areas for intervention, including mental health support.

Conclusions:

• Inclusive disaster planning must proactively address the needs of individuals with access and functional needs.
• Recommendations focus on improving medical care, communication, and support systems for this population.
• Integrating these considerations enhances the overall effectiveness and equity of disaster response efforts.