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Related Concept Videos

Weak Base Solutions03:21

Weak Base Solutions

25.1K
Some compounds produce hydroxide ions when dissolved by chemically reacting with water molecules. In all cases, these compounds react only partially and so are classified as weak bases. These types of compounds are also abundant in nature and important commodities in various technologies. For example, global production of the weak base ammonia is typically well over 100 metric tons annually, being widely used as an agricultural fertilizer, a raw material for chemical synthesis of other...
25.1K
Titration Calculations: Weak Acid - Strong Base03:55

Titration Calculations: Weak Acid - Strong Base

49.3K
Calculating pH for Titration Solutions: Weak Acid/Strong Base
For the titration of 25.00 mL of 0.100 M CH3CO2H with 0.100 M NaOH, the reaction can be represented as:
49.3K
Titration of a Weak Acid with a Weak Base01:08

Titration of a Weak Acid with a Weak Base

4.9K
Weak acids and bases do not undergo dissociation completely, and titrations between these two are rarely studied. When such studies are performed, say, for the titration of a weak acid with a weak base, the titration curve plots the change in pH as a function of the volume of base added. Take the titration of acetic acid with ammonia, for instance. During the titration, these two species form ammonium acetate and water, but the pH change is slow and gradual.
As a result, there is no simple...
4.9K
Weak Acid Solutions04:02

Weak Acid Solutions

43.1K
Few compounds act as strong acids. A far greater number of compounds behave as weak acids and only partially react with water, leaving a large majority of dissolved molecules in their original form and generating a relatively small amount of hydronium ions. Weak acids are commonly encountered in nature, being the substances partly responsible for the tangy taste of citrus fruits, the stinging sensation of insect bites, and the unpleasant smells associated with body odor. A familiar example of a...
43.1K
Crossed Aldol Reaction Using Weak Bases01:14

Crossed Aldol Reaction Using Weak Bases

2.7K
This lesson deals with the crossed aldol reaction using weak bases. The self-condensation of an aldehyde having α hydrogen is prevented by adding it slowly to a mixture of formaldehyde and weak bases like hydroxide and alkoxide. Upon slow addition of the aldehyde, the base deprotonates the α carbon of the aldehyde to form the corresponding enolate. The enolate subsequently attacks the formaldehyde to form a single crossed product. Figure 1 depicts the aforementioned reaction.
2.7K
Titration of a Weak Base with a Strong Acid01:20

Titration of a Weak Base with a Strong Acid

8.9K
The titration curve of a weak base like ammonia with a strong acid like hydrochloric acid is the mirror image of the titration curve of a weak acid with a strong base.
Using the ICE table and substituting the Kb value, we calculate the initial pH of 50 mL of 0.1 M ammonia to be 11.11. Addition of 25 mL of 0.1 M hydrochloric acid to this solution of ammonia results in a buffer with an equal concentration of ammonia and ammonium ions. The pH of this buffer can be calculated by substituting these...
8.9K

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Analyzing Mitochondrial Morphology Through Simulation Supervised Learning
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Scribble-Based 3D Shape Segmentation via Weakly-Supervised Learning.

Zhenyu Shu, Xiaoyong Shen, Shiqing Xin

    IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
    |January 11, 2019
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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study introduces a new weakly-supervised deep learning method for 3D shape segmentation. It significantly reduces manual labeling effort by using simple scribbles, improving segmentation accuracy.

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    Area of Science:

    • Computer Vision
    • Computer Graphics
    • Machine Learning

    Background:

    • Shape segmentation is crucial in 3D shape analysis.
    • Prior knowledge enhances segmentation accuracy but requires extensive manual labeling.
    • Fully labeled datasets are labor-intensive to create.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a novel weakly-supervised algorithm for 3D shape segmentation.
    • To reduce the manual workload associated with creating labeled training data.
    • To improve segmentation accuracy using partial, scribble-based labeling.

    Main Methods:

    • A deep learning approach that jointly propagates information from scribbles to unlabeled faces.
    • Simultaneous learning of deep neural network parameters and label propagation.
    • Utilizes a scribble-based, partially supervised labeling process.

    Main Results:

    • The proposed method achieves superior segmentation performance compared to unsupervised approaches.
    • It demonstrates comparable segmentation performance to state-of-the-art fully supervised methods.
    • Experimental results validate the effectiveness of the weakly-supervised approach.

    Conclusions:

    • Weakly-supervised learning significantly reduces the burden of 3D shape segmentation data labeling.
    • The proposed algorithm offers an efficient and effective alternative to fully supervised methods.
    • This approach enables accurate 3D shape segmentation with minimal manual input.