Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway01:20

Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway

12.8K
Humans detect odors with the help of specialized cells located in the upper part of the nasal cavity, called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). ORNs possess hair-like structures called cilia, which are receptive to sensations from the inhaled air. When an odorant molecule binds to a specific receptor on the cell of the cilia, it leads to a series of events that ultimately cause the ORN to send electrical signals to the olfactory bulb in the brain through the olfactory nerves.
The olfactory...
12.8K
Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure01:03

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

11.8K
The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
11.8K
Structural Protein Function01:56

Structural Protein Function

29.9K
Structural proteins are a category of proteins responsible for functions ranging from cell shape and movement to providing support to major structures such as bones, cartilage, hair, and muscles. This group includes proteins such as collagen, actin, myosin, and keratin.
Collagen, the most abundant protein in mammals, is found throughout the body. In connective tissue, such as skin, ligaments, and tendons, it provides tensile strength and elasticity.  In bones and teeth, it mineralizes to...
29.9K
Structural Protein Function01:56

Structural Protein Function

3.3K
3.3K
Fruit Development, Structure, and Function01:58

Fruit Development, Structure, and Function

25.2K
Fruits form from a mature flower ovary. As seeds develop from the ovules contained within, the ovary wall undergoes a series of complex changes to form fruit. In some fruits, such as soybeans, the ovary wall dries; in other fruits, such as grapes, it remains fleshy. In some cases, organs other than the ovary contribute to fruit formation; such fruits are called accessory fruits.
25.2K
Structure and Function of Erythrocytes01:29

Structure and Function of Erythrocytes

5.9K
There are between 4.2 and 6 million erythrocytes, also known as red blood cells, in every microliter of blood. These cells are small, flattened biconcave discs with centers that are depressed.
The erythrocyte plasma membrane is associated with proteins such as spectrin, which forms a flexible cytoplasmic meshwork. This meshwork allows erythrocytes to twist, turn, become cup-shaped, and regain their biconcave shape as they pass through narrow capillaries. Additionally, erythrocytes can form...
5.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Confidence in antimicrobial stewardship and infection prevention among French medical residents: a national cross-sectional survey.

JAC-antimicrobial resistance·2026
Same author

Dietary habits and olfactory function in individuals with Parkinson's disease: an underexplored association.

Nutritional neuroscience·2026
Same author

[Antibiotics: the rise of resistance… France and Europe strike back!]

Medecine sciences : M/S·2026
Same author

Case report of Parkinson's disease in isolated congenital anosmia with absent olfactory bulbs.

NPJ Parkinson's disease·2026
Same author

Scleral exposure influences social judgments of trustworthiness, attractiveness, sociability, and social rank in White faces.

PloS one·2026
Same author

Investigation of habenula volume in mood disorders: A meta-analytic study.

Psychological medicine·2026
Same journal

Investigating the Neural Origins of Ear-EEG: A Correlation Study Using Scalp EEG Source Reconstruction.

NeuroImage·2026
Same journal

Hysteresis effects in visual and auditory perception and the comparison of underlying neural mechanisms - an EEG study.

NeuroImage·2026
Same journal

Short-term audio-tactile training affects cortical auditory speech-envelope tracking for incongruent but not congruent stimuli.

NeuroImage·2026
Same journal

Dissociable Neurocognitive Mechanisms of State and Trait Anxiety in Working Memory: Threat-Induced Alterations in Decision Dynamics and Attenuation of Large-Scale Network Reconfiguration.

NeuroImage·2026
Same journal

Neuro-Ocular Amyloid Characterization in Alzheimer's Disease via Cross-Site PET-MRI and Hierarchical Cross-Attention Driven Multimodal Representation Learning.

NeuroImage·2026
Same journal

Whole-brain network dynamics underlying intolerance of uncertainty.

NeuroImage·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 30, 2026

A Computerized Functional Skills Assessment and Training Program Targeting Technology Based Everyday Functional Skills
07:31

A Computerized Functional Skills Assessment and Training Program Targeting Technology Based Everyday Functional Skills

Published on: February 13, 2020

7.4K

Smell training improves olfactory function and alters brain structure.

Syrina Al Aïn1, Daphnée Poupon1, Sébastien Hétu2

  • 1Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières (UQTR), Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada.

Neuroimage
|January 11, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Intensive olfactory training enhances general smell function and improves odor identification in healthy adults. This sensory improvement is linked to structural brain changes in olfactory processing areas.

Keywords:
MR imagingNeuroplasticityOlfactory perceptionOlfactory systemodor training

More Related Videos

Functional Evaluation of Olfactory Pathways in Living Xenopus Tadpoles
07:33

Functional Evaluation of Olfactory Pathways in Living Xenopus Tadpoles

Published on: December 11, 2018

7.3K
Training Dogs for Awake, Unrestrained Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
07:59

Training Dogs for Awake, Unrestrained Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: October 13, 2019

8.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 30, 2026

A Computerized Functional Skills Assessment and Training Program Targeting Technology Based Everyday Functional Skills
07:31

A Computerized Functional Skills Assessment and Training Program Targeting Technology Based Everyday Functional Skills

Published on: February 13, 2020

7.4K
Functional Evaluation of Olfactory Pathways in Living Xenopus Tadpoles
07:33

Functional Evaluation of Olfactory Pathways in Living Xenopus Tadpoles

Published on: December 11, 2018

7.3K
Training Dogs for Awake, Unrestrained Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
07:59

Training Dogs for Awake, Unrestrained Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: October 13, 2019

8.0K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Sensory Science
  • Neuroplasticity

Background:

  • Olfactory sensitivity can be enhanced through training and repeated odor exposure.
  • The impact of intensive olfactory training on healthy individuals and its neurobiological underpinnings are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of a 6-week intensive olfactory training program on olfactory function.
  • To examine the associated changes in brain structure and neuroplasticity using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Main Methods:

  • Thirty-six healthy young adults were divided into three groups: olfactory training, visual control training, and no training.
  • Olfactory and visual training groups underwent daily sessions for 6 weeks, including specific tasks.
  • Structural MRI scans were acquired before and after the training period to measure cortical thickness and tissue density.

Main Results:

  • Participants in the olfactory training group showed improvements in trained tasks and enhanced general olfactory function, particularly in odor identification (intramodal transfer).
  • Olfactory training led to increased cortical thickness in specific brain regions, including the right inferior frontal gyrus, bilateral fusiform gyrus, and right entorhinal cortex.
  • No significant changes were observed in the control groups.

Conclusions:

  • Intensive olfactory training can significantly improve overall olfactory function in healthy individuals.
  • These functional improvements are associated with measurable structural changes in key olfactory processing areas of the brain, demonstrating neuroplasticity.