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Isolating Brown Adipocytes from Murine Interscapular Brown Adipose Tissue for Gene and Protein Expression Analysis
Published on: March 12, 2021
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Dietary Proteins, Brown Fat, and Adiposity
Lise Madsen1,2, Lene Secher Myrmel1, Even Fjære1
1Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway.
Frontiers in Physiology
|January 12, 2019
Summary
High protein diets influence body weight by modulating energy metabolism. Rodent studies show protein-to-carbohydrate ratios impact fat gain, but human trial results vary due to diet design and protein sources.
Area of Science:
- Nutrition Science
- Metabolic Research
- Obesity Studies
Background:
- High protein diets are popular for weight management but face efficacy and safety debates.
- Energy balance (intake vs. expenditure) dictates weight change.
- Rodent studies highlight the protein:carbohydrate ratio's role in diet-induced obesity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review rodent trial data on high protein diets' effects on energy metabolism.
- To explore mechanisms of energy dissipation, including adipocyte activation and futile cycles.
- To examine the influence of gut microbiota on energy expenditure.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of rodent and human trials on high protein diets.
- Analysis of mechanisms modulating energy metabolism and dissipation.
- Investigation of the gut microbiota's role in energy expenditure.
Main Results:
- Rodent trials consistently show protein:carbohydrate ratios affect body and fat mass gain.
- Mechanisms discussed include brown/beige adipocyte activation and UCP1-independent thermogenesis.
- Human trial results are less consistent than rodent trials, potentially due to trial design and protein source variations.
Conclusions:
- High protein diets can modulate energy metabolism, with varying effects observed in human versus rodent studies.
- Differences in human trial outcomes may stem from varied study designs, protein sources (e.g., casein), and subject populations (lean vs. obese).
- Further research is needed to clarify the efficacy and mechanisms of high protein diets in human weight management.
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