[Evidence for standard surgical procedures: appendicitis, diverticulitis and cholecystitis]

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Surgical Emergencies
• Evidence-Based Medicine

Background:

• Acute appendicitis, cholecystitis, and sigmoid diverticulitis are common inflammatory visceral surgical emergencies.
• Evidence-based medicine principles necessitate continuous validation of treatment methods and surgical indications through rigorous clinical studies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To identify and classify current evidence regarding the surgical treatment of acute appendicitis, cholecystitis, and sigmoid diverticulitis.

Main Methods:

• A targeted literature search was conducted using Medline, the Cochrane Library, and clinical trial registers (e.g., clinicaltrials.gov).

Main Results:

• Indications for surgery are evolving, influenced by a growing body of high-quality clinical studies.
• Conservative treatment approaches appear feasible for early-stage presentations of these conditions.
• Numerous surgical techniques lack sufficient validation from current research.

Conclusions:

• There is a significant need for high-quality, prospective randomized clinical trials in surgical treatment of these conditions.
• Promoting study culture and participation in surgical research is crucial for advancing evidence-based practice.