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F18-choline/C11-choline PET/CT thyroid incidentalomas.

Francesco Bertagna1, Domenico Albano2, Luca Giovanella3

  • 1Nuclear Medicine, University of Brescia and Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy. francesco.bertagna@unibs.it.

Endocrine
|January 15, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Focal incidental radiolabelled choline uptake in the thyroid (CTI) is rare but may indicate unexpected thyroid lesions. The risk of malignancy associated with these incidental findings is significant and warrants further investigation.

Keywords:
CholineIncidentalPET/CTPositron emission tomographyThyroidThyroid incidentaloma

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Medicine
  • Oncology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Thyroid incidentalomas are lesions found during imaging for other conditions.
  • Focal incidental radiolabelled choline uptake in the thyroid (CTI) is a specific type of incidental finding.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the prevalence of CTIs detected by PET or PET/CT.
  • To assess the clinical significance and malignancy risk of CTIs.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature search of PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Embase.
  • Inclusion of 15 articles (14 case reports, 1 retrospective study).

Main Results:

  • In case reports, 50% of CTIs were malignant and 50% were benign.
  • In a larger retrospective study, 14 out of 15 CTIs were benign.

Conclusions:

  • CTIs are rare but can signify unexpected thyroid lesions.
  • The risk of malignancy in CTIs is not negligible and requires attention.