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Allopurinol-Induced Stevens-Johnson Syndrome
Sushilkumar Satish Gupta1, Nitin Sabharwal2, Ravikaran Patti2
1Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine.
Allopurinol can cause severe skin reactions like Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS). This case highlights a severe SJS reaction in an elderly patient, complicated by viral illness and organ dysfunction.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Pharmacology
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Allopurinol is a primary treatment for gout.
- Severe cutaneous adverse reactions (SCARs), including Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS), are known risks of allopurinol.
- SCARs are classified by body surface area (BSA) involvement.
Observation:
- A case report of an 85-year-old Han-Chinese female is presented.
- The patient developed SJS 8 days after starting allopurinol.
- Concomitant acute viral illness complicated the clinical presentation.
Findings:
- The patient experienced Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) attributed to allopurinol.
- The clinical course was complicated by acute renal failure and hemodynamic compromise.
- Drug-induced SCARs are more common than viral causes.
Implications:
- This case underscores the potential severity of allopurinol-induced SJS, particularly in elderly patients.
- Concurrent viral infections may exacerbate allopurinol-related adverse drug reactions.
- Prompt recognition and management are crucial for patients with SCARs.
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