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Related Concept Videos

Blind Procedures02:07

Blind Procedures

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Ideally, the people who observe and record the children’s behavior are unaware of who was assigned to the experimental or control group, in order to control for experimenter bias. Experimenter bias refers to the possibility that a researcher’s expectations might skew the results of the study. Remember, conducting an experiment requires a lot of planning, and the people involved in the research project have a vested interest in supporting their hypotheses. If the observers knew which...
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Blinding01:11

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Blinding is a commonly used method of not telling participants which treatment a subject is receiving. Blinding is a critical part of a randomized control trial or RCT. It reduces the bias that affects the results. In an RCT, blinding is used in the form of a placebo. A placebo effect occurs when untreated subjects falsely believe they have received the treatment and report improved symptoms. A placebo or a dummy treatment is administered to subjects to negate the bias caused by such an effect.
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Muscles of the Eye01:20

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The muscles of the eye are sophisticated structures that control eye movement and focus, allowing for the precise and rapid adjustments necessary for vision. The human eye is controlled by ten muscles — six extraocular muscles, three intraocular muscles, and one primary eyelid retractor muscle.
Extraocular Muscles
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Accessory Structures of the Eye01:17

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Optical perception, or vision, is an extraordinary sense dependent on converting light signals received via the ocular organs. These organs, known as eyes, are securely positioned within the bony cavities of the skull, called orbits. The orbits serve a dual purpose: a protective shield for the ocular globes and a stable attachment point for the soft ocular tissues. The eye's external protective mechanisms include the eyelids, which are edged with lashes that act as a barrier against foreign...
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Focusing of Light in the Eye01:16

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Light rays enter the eye through the cornea, a transparent dome-shaped tissue that is the eye's outermost layer. The cornea bends or refracts, light rays traveling to the pupil. The shape of the cornea determines how much of the light is bent and whether the image will be focused correctly on the retina at the back of the eye. Once the light has passed through both refraction layers, it converges into a single focal point onto a small area. This is where photoreceptors start transforming...
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Vision01:24

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Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
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Harvesting Venom Toxins from Assassin Bugs and Other Heteropteran Insects
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The blinding bug found in the eye.

Manisha Agarwal1, Lagan Paul1, Chanda Gupta1

  • 1Department of Vitreoretinal Services, Dr Shroff's Charity Eye Hospital, New Delhi, India.

BMJ Case Reports
|January 16, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tubercular uveitis, a tuberculosis complication, presents diagnostic challenges. Prompt treatment with antitubercular therapy and surgical intervention can salvage the eye and restore vision.

Keywords:
Tb and other respiratory infectionsinfectious diseasesretina

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Tubercular uveitis is a frequent ocular manifestation of tuberculosis (TB) in endemic regions.
  • Diagnosing intraocular TB is challenging due to the absence of a gold standard test, leading to underdiagnosis or misdiagnosis.

Observation:

  • A 28-year-old woman experienced vision loss in her left eye.
  • Initial treatment with antitubercular treatment (ATT) and steroids was non-compliant, resulting in progressive vision loss.
  • The patient underwent vitrectomy and silicone oil tamponade for advanced ocular disease.

Findings:

  • Complete recovery and vision restoration were achieved after a full course of ATT.
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis is difficult to detect in ocular fluids due to its paucibacillary nature.
  • Vitreous sampling and surgical intervention, including vitrectomy and silicone oil tamponade, can prevent eye removal.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the importance of considering TB in uveitis patients, especially in endemic areas.
  • Aggressive management combining medical and surgical approaches can lead to favorable outcomes in severe tubercular uveitis.
  • Early diagnosis and treatment adherence are crucial for preventing irreversible vision loss and preserving ocular structures.