Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

What are Populations and Communities?

What are Populations and Communities?

Conservation of Small Populations

Conservation of Small Populations

Small population sizes put a species at extreme risk of extinction due to a lack of variation, and a consequent decrease in adaptability. This weakens the chances of survival under pressures such as climate change, competition from other species, or new diseases. Large populations are more likely to survive pressures such as these, as such populations are more likely to harbor individuals that have genetic variants that are adaptive under new stresses. Small populations are much less...

What is Population Genetics?

What is Population Genetics?

A population is composed of members of the same species that simultaneously live and interact in the same area. When individuals in a population breed, they pass down their genes to their offspring. Many of these genes are polymorphic, meaning that they occur in multiple variants. Such variations of a gene are referred to as alleles. The collective set of all the alleles within a population is known as the gene pool.

Population Growth

Population Growth

Population size is dynamic, increasing with birth rates and immigration, and decreasing with death rates and emigration. In ideal conditions with unlimited resources, populations can increase exponentially, which plots as a J-shaped growth rate curve of population size against time. This type of curve is characteristic of newly-introduced invasive species, or populations that have suffered catastrophic declines and are rebounding.

Conservation of Declining Populations

Conservation of Declining Populations

Conservation of declining population focuses on ways of detecting, diagnosing, and halting a population decline. The approach uses methods to prevent populations from going extinct.

Testing a Claim about Mean: Known Population SD

Testing a Claim about Mean: Known Population SD

A complete procedure of testing the hypothesis about a population mean is explained here.
Estimating a population mean requires the samples to be distributed normally. The data should be collected from the randomly selected samples having no sampling bias. The sample size needed to be higher than 30, and most importantly, the population standard deviation should be already known.
In most realistic situations, the population standard deviation is often unknown, but in rare circumstances, when it...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Variation and selection at predicted G-quadruplexes across the human pangenome.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

Population-scale Y chromosome assemblies reveal recurrent remodeling within constrained architectures.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

Uncertainty-aware benchmarking reveals ambiguous transcripts in mRNA-lncRNA classification.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

A Complete Genome for the Common Marmoset.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026

Same author

Substitution Spectrum and Selection at G-quadruplexes in Great Ape Telomere-to-Telomere Genomes.

Genome biology and evolution·2026

Same author

Mammalian mitochondrial DNA accumulates insertions and deletions with age in energetically demanding tissues.

Molecular biology and evolution·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Human Colonoid Monolayers to Study Interactions Between Pathogens, Commensals, and Host Intestinal Epithelium

Human Colonoid Monolayers to Study Interactions Between Pathogens, Commensals, and Host Intestinal Epithelium

Published on: April 9, 2019

Investigating mitonuclear interactions in human admixed populations.

Arslan A Zaidi¹, Kateryna D Makova²

¹Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.

Nature Ecology & Evolution

|January 16, 2019

Summary

Mitochondrial and nuclear gene ancestry mismatch can decrease mitochondrial DNA copy number. Some admixed populations show selection favoring compatible gene interactions, impacting human health.

More Related Videos

High Throughput Co-culture Assays for the Investigation of Microbial Interactions

High Throughput Co-culture Assays for the Investigation of Microbial Interactions

Published on: October 15, 2019

High-Throughput Transcriptome Analysis for Investigating Host-Pathogen Interactions

High-Throughput Transcriptome Analysis for Investigating Host-Pathogen Interactions

Published on: March 5, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Human Colonoid Monolayers to Study Interactions Between Pathogens, Commensals, and Host Intestinal Epithelium

Human Colonoid Monolayers to Study Interactions Between Pathogens, Commensals, and Host Intestinal Epithelium

Published on: April 9, 2019

High Throughput Co-culture Assays for the Investigation of Microbial Interactions

High Throughput Co-culture Assays for the Investigation of Microbial Interactions

Published on: October 15, 2019

High-Throughput Transcriptome Analysis for Investigating Host-Pathogen Interactions

High-Throughput Transcriptome Analysis for Investigating Host-Pathogen Interactions

Published on: March 5, 2022

Area of Science:

Genetics and Genomics
Mitochondrial Biology
Population Studies

Background:

Mitochondria require coordinated function between nuclear and mitochondrial genes.
Genetic ancestry discordance between nuclear and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) may affect cellular function and health in admixed populations.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate potential mitonuclear genetic incompatibility in six admixed populations from the Americas.
To assess the relationship between nuclear and mtDNA ancestry and its impact on mitochondrial DNA copy number and gene expression.

Main Methods:

Comparative analysis of nuclear and mitochondrial genetic ancestry in African Americans, African Caribbeans, Colombians, Mexicans, Peruvians, and Puerto Ricans.
Quantification of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number.
Analysis of ancestry enrichment at nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes.

Main Results:

Increased discordance between nuclear and mtDNA ancestry correlated with decreased mtDNA copy number across various mtDNA haplogroups.
African Americans and Puerto Ricans showed enrichment of ancestry at nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes, suggesting selection for compatible mitonuclear interactions.
These findings indicate suboptimal regulation of mtDNA replication and potential compensatory evolutionary responses in admixed populations.

Conclusions:

Evidence of mitonuclear interactions and their functional consequences in human admixed populations.
Mitonuclear genetic discordance may contribute to phenotypic variation and influence human health and disease susceptibility.