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Photoluminescence: Applications01:14

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Photoluminescence offers a wide range of applications due to its inherent sensitivity and selectivity. This technique allows for both direct and indirect analyses of the analyte. Direct quantitative analysis is possible when the analyte exhibits a favorable quantum yield for fluorescence or phosphorescence. However, an indirect analysis may be feasible if the analyte is not fluorescent or phosphorescent, or if the quantum yield is unfavorable. Indirect methods include reacting the analyte with...
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The average temperature of Earth is the subject of much current discussion. Earth is in radiative contact with both the Sun and dark space; it receives almost all its energy from the radiation of the Sun and reflects some of it into outer space. Dark space is very cold, about 3 K, so Earth radiates energy into it. For instance, heat transfer occurs from soil and grasses, the rate of which can be so rapid that frost can occur on clear summer evenings, even in warm latitudes.
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Applications of Logarithms01:28

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Logarithmic functions are powerful tools for simplifying the mathematical representation of phenomena involving exponential changes. Their ability to convert multiplicative relationships into additive ones is especially valuable in various scientific and engineering contexts. One notable application of logarithms is measuring sound intensity, specifically through the decibel (dB) scale used in acoustics.Sound intensity levels vary over an extensive range, from the faintest audible whisper to...
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Consider a structure made of a boom and a rod designed to support a load. These two components are connected by a pin and stabilized by brackets and pins. The boom and the rod are detached from their supports to assess the different stresses imposed on this structure, and a free-body diagram is drawn. Then, all the forces applied, including the load acting on the structure, are identified. The reaction forces exerted on both the boom and the rod are computed using the equilibrium equations.
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A relaxation oscillator is one of the applications of RC circuits. A neon lamp relaxation oscillator comprises a capacitor, a resistor, a voltage source, and a lamp. The lamp acts like an open circuit, with infinite resistance until the potential difference across the lamp reaches a specific voltage. At that voltage, the lamp acts like a short circuit with zero resistance, and the capacitor discharges through the lamp, thus producing light. Once the capacitor is fully discharged through the...
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Planar and Three-Dimensional Printing of Conductive Inks
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Jammed Microgel Inks for 3D Printing Applications.

Christopher B Highley1, Kwang Hoon Song1, Andrew C Daly1

  • 1Department of Bioengineering University of Pennsylvania 210 South 33rd Street Philadelphia PA 19104 USA.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|January 16, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed novel 3D printing inks using jammed microgels. These shear-thinning inks offer rapid recovery and enable printing diverse materials, including cells, with high viability for biomedical applications.

Keywords:
3D printingbiomaterialshydrogelsinksmicrogels

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Engineering
  • 3D Printing Technologies
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • 3D printing requires specialized inks with properties for both printing and application.
  • Bioprinting commonly utilizes hydrogels with controlled rheology for deposition and stabilization.
  • Existing methods face limitations in ink versatility and material diversity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an alternative 3D printing ink platform using jammed microgels.
  • To engineer microgels with tunable properties for diverse biomedical applications.
  • To assess the printability, stability, and cell viability of jammed microgel inks.

Main Methods:

  • Formulation of inks exclusively from jammed microgels with tailored composition and size.
  • Characterization of ink rheology, including shear-thinning behavior and rapid recovery post-deposition.
  • Incorporation of various materials (e.g., hyaluronic acid, poly(ethylene glycol), agarose) and cells into microgels.
  • Secondary cross-linking for enhanced ink stabilization after printing.

Main Results:

  • Jammed microgel inks exhibit shear-thinning properties for efficient printing.
  • Inks demonstrate rapid shape recovery upon deposition, even in 3D environments.
  • Microgels engineered from diverse materials (HA, PEG, agarose) were successfully printed.
  • Printing processes maintained high cell viability, crucial for bioprinting applications.

Conclusions:

  • Jammed microgels offer a versatile platform for 3D printing diverse, functional inks.
  • This particle-based approach expands the possibilities for creating advanced biomedical constructs.
  • The developed inks show significant potential for numerous biomedical and tissue engineering applications.