Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Resonance Fluorescence of an InGaAs Quantum Dot in a Planar Cavity Using Orthogonal Excitation and Detection
Published on: October 13, 2017
Strong coupling of metamaterial resonances to intersubband transitions of quantum dots for enhanced second-harmonic
Abstract:
Recently, quantum confined structures have been widely studied for their nonlinear properties and applications in harmonic generation. However, because of lower orders of susceptibility, the generated harmonic power is low. In this paper, we present coupling of metamaterial resonance to intersubband transitions of quantum dots (QDs) for enhanced second-harmonic generation efficiency. To do so, first the QDs are designed so as to exhibit three electronic energy levels with identical energy spacing. The values of energy levels and the wave functions are calculated by solving the Schrödinger equation using modified effective mass approximation. The second-order nonlinear susceptibility of QD layers is then calculated, and the results are used in finite-difference time domain (FDTD) simulation of structure. Metamaterial structure is also designed to resonate in response to the frequency of QDs. The results show that for a pump input with 24 THz fundamental frequency, a harmonic with the 48 THz frequency appears in the output, with conversion efficiency of about 5×10-7.
Related Concept Videos
Quantum Numbers
Phase Transitions
The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom
Titration Calculations: Strong Acid - Strong Base
A titration is carried out for 25.00 mL of 0.100 M HCl (strong acid) with 0.100 M of a strong base NaOH. The pH at different volumes of added base solution can be calculated as follows:
(a) Titrant volume = 0 mL. The solution pH is due to the acid ionization of HCl. Because this is a strong acid, the ionization is complete and the hydronium ion molarity is 0.100 M. The pH of the solution is then:
Harmonic Mean
Take the example of the speed of a car, which is the measure of the rate of distance traveled. If the vehicle traverses the same distance back-and-forth, its average speed equals the total distance traveled divided by the total time taken. However, if the car moves with varying speeds, then the arithmetic mean is more skewed...
Strong Acid and Base Solutions

