Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 30, 2026

A Small Volume Bioassay to Assess Bacterial/Phytoplankton Co-culture Using WATER-Pulse-Amplitude-Modulated WATER-PAM Fluorometry
Published on: March 11, 2015
Amplifierless PAM-4/PAM-8 transmissions in O-band using a directly modulated laser for optical data-center
Abstract:
Toward the realization of low-cost, long-, and extended-reach 400GbE data-center applications, the performance of pulse amplitude modulated (PAM) signals is studied using a state-of-the-art, high-performance 1.3-μm distributed feedback directly modulated laser, without any optical amplification or complex digital processing. Amplifierless PAM-4 transmissions of up to 64-Gb/s are achieved over 40 km of standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) for standard KP4-FEC, while 84-Gb/s PAM-8 signals are evaluated over 10 km SSMF.
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