Synthesis of Stokes vortices

Fields containing polarization singularities normally do not host all the Stokes vortices. For example, fields with S₁₂ Stokes vortices (C-points, V-points) in general do not contain S₂₃ Stokes vortices (Poincare vortices). In this paper, we demonstrate for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, synthesis of a structured field that hosts all three Stokes vortices, namely, S₁₂, S₂₃, and so far unexplored S₃₁ Stokes vortices. Only S₁₂ Stokes fields that host C-points and V-points have been experimentally realized by many research groups. Generation of S₂₃ Stokes fields that contain Poincare vortices have been proposed earlier but not experimentally demonstrated so far. There are no reports on the generation of S₃₁ Stokes field containing the third set of Stokes vortices.