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Whispering gallery mode micro resonators for multi-parameter sensing applications.

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    This study introduces a new fiber optic sensor for simultaneously detecting ammonia vapor and relative humidity. The novel sensor uses two coated microspheres, offering a compact and sensitive solution for air quality monitoring.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Sensor Technology
    • Environmental Monitoring
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Simultaneous measurement of ammonia vapor (NH3) and relative humidity (RH) is crucial for environmental monitoring and industrial safety.
    • Existing sensing technologies often face limitations in selectivity, sensitivity, or simultaneous detection capabilities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel fiber optic sensing configuration for simultaneous NH3 and RH measurement.
    • To develop a compact, highly sensitive, and potentially low-cost sensor array for real-time air quality assessment.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized two silica whispering gallery mode (WGM) microsphere resonators coated with distinct polymer layers (sol gel silica and agarose hydrogel).
    • Employed evanescent coupling with a single adiabatic fiber taper for simultaneous WGM excitation.
    • Monitored spectral shifts of WGM resonances in response to atmospheric NH3 and water molecules.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved simultaneous detection of NH3 concentration and RH.
    • Demonstrated sensor sensitivity of 19.07 pm/ppm for NH3 and 1.07 pm/% RH.
    • Presented detailed analysis of coating cross-sensitivity and temperature dependence.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed fiber optic sensor array enables accurate and simultaneous measurement of NH3 and RH.
    • The sensor exhibits high sensitivity, compactness, and potential for low-cost fabrication.
    • This technology offers a promising solution for advanced environmental monitoring applications.