Right-Sided Complete Third Branchial Cleft Fistula

Area of Science:

• Developmental biology
• Surgical anatomy
• Congenital malformations

Background:

• Branchial cleft anomalies arise from incomplete embryogenesis, manifesting as cysts, sinuses, or fistulas.
• Fistulas are the rarest form of branchial cleft anomalies.
• Third and fourth branchial cleft fistulas are exceptionally rare, typically incomplete, and predominantly left-sided.

Observation:

• A 29-year-old male presented with a complete right-sided third branchial cleft fistula.
• This presentation is unusual given the rarity and typical laterality of third branchial cleft anomalies.

Findings:

• Surgical excision of the fistula track was performed.
• The patient experienced a successful outcome with no recurrence during a 12-month follow-up period.

Implications:

• This case demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of surgical intervention for rare complete third branchial cleft fistulas.
• Successful management of this rare anomaly contributes to understanding and treating congenital malformations of the branchial apparatus.