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Updated: Jan 30, 2026

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Right-Sided Complete Third Branchial Cleft Fistula.

Ugur Yildirim1, Sinan Atmaca, Mehmet Koyuncu

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A rare complete third branchial cleft fistula in a 29-year-old male was successfully treated with surgical excision. This case highlights the successful management of uncommon congenital anomalies, with no recurrence observed post-surgery.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental biology
  • Surgical anatomy
  • Congenital malformations

Background:

  • Branchial cleft anomalies arise from incomplete embryogenesis, manifesting as cysts, sinuses, or fistulas.
  • Fistulas are the rarest form of branchial cleft anomalies.
  • Third and fourth branchial cleft fistulas are exceptionally rare, typically incomplete, and predominantly left-sided.

Observation:

  • A 29-year-old male presented with a complete right-sided third branchial cleft fistula.
  • This presentation is unusual given the rarity and typical laterality of third branchial cleft anomalies.

Findings:

  • Surgical excision of the fistula track was performed.
  • The patient experienced a successful outcome with no recurrence during a 12-month follow-up period.

Implications:

  • This case demonstrates the feasibility and effectiveness of surgical intervention for rare complete third branchial cleft fistulas.
  • Successful management of this rare anomaly contributes to understanding and treating congenital malformations of the branchial apparatus.