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Evaluating Postural Control and Lower-extremity Muscle Activation in Individuals with Chronic Ankle Instability
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Ankle intrinsic stiffness changes with postural sway.

Pouya Amiri1, Robert E Kearney1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.

Journal of Biomechanics
|January 19, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Ankle intrinsic stiffness, crucial for maintaining balance during standing, increases with postural sway. This adaptation helps stabilize the body as the center of pressure shifts towards the limits of stability.

Keywords:
Ankle stiffnessIntrinsic stiffnessPerturbed standingPostural swayStance control

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Human Physiology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Human stance is inherently unstable, requiring continuous ankle torque regulation.
  • Ankle intrinsic stiffness, a key component of joint properties, is modulated by joint torque during postural sway.
  • Previous models often assumed constant ankle intrinsic stiffness, overlooking its dynamic nature.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between ankle intrinsic stiffness and postural sway during standing.
  • To determine how ankle intrinsic stiffness changes with variations in background torque and center of pressure location.

Main Methods:

  • Ten subjects participated in a standing experiment involving pulse perturbations of ankle position.
  • Background torque was measured before perturbations and used to group responses.
  • Ankle intrinsic stiffness was estimated using an intrinsic stiffness model and normalized.
  • Center of pressure location was derived from background torque measurements.

Main Results:

  • Ankle intrinsic stiffness increased linearly with the center of pressure moving towards the toes in most subjects.
  • The average slope of this increase was 2.11 ± 0.80 1/m·rad.
  • This modulation appears functionally relevant for maintaining stability near the limits of stability.

Conclusions:

  • Ankle intrinsic stiffness is not constant but dynamically modulated by postural sway.
  • The observed increase in stiffness as the center of pressure moves anteriorly is a crucial adaptation for stance control.
  • Future models of human balance must incorporate these dynamic changes in ankle intrinsic stiffness.