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Windshield wipers on connected vehicles produce high-accuracy rainfall maps.

Matthew Bartos1, Hyongju Park2, Tian Zhou2

  • 1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States.

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Connected vehicles enhance environmental sensing. Combining windshield wiper data with weather radar significantly improves rainfall estimates, crucial for accurate flash flood forecasting and stormwater management.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental science
  • Hydrology
  • Transportation engineering

Background:

  • Traditional precipitation measurement methods (weather radar, stationary gages) have spatial and temporal uncertainties.
  • These uncertainties limit precision applications such as flash flood forecasting and stormwater infrastructure management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To leverage connected vehicle data for improved rainfall estimation.
  • To enhance the accuracy of precipitation measurements for better environmental monitoring and disaster preparedness.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a real-world dataset from nearly 70 connected vehicles.
  • Combined weather radar data with windshield wiper observations from vehicles.
  • Developed a Bayesian filtering framework to integrate wiper data with radar rainfall fields.
  • Validated findings using co-located vehicle dashboard camera footage.

Main Results:

  • Windshield wiper measurements proved to be a stronger predictor of rainfall presence than traditional methods.
  • The integrated Bayesian filtering approach successfully corrected uncertainties in radar-based rainfall estimates.
  • The enhanced rainfall estimates captured events missed by conventional measurement techniques.

Conclusions:

  • Connected vehicles offer a scalable solution for high-resolution environmental sensing.
  • Improved rainfall maps derived from this method can enhance flood warnings and stormwater infrastructure operations.
  • This approach represents a significant advancement in real-time precipitation monitoring.