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Botulinum toxin blocks mast cells and prevents rosacea like inflammation

Jae Eun Choi1, Tyler Werbel2, Zhenping Wang1

  • 1Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.

Journal of Dermatological Science
|January 20, 2019
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Onabotulinum toxin (Botox) directly inhibits mast cell degranulation, a key factor in rosacea. This finding supports Botox as a potential therapy for severe rosacea.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Immunology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin condition.
  • Mast cells and cathelicidin LL-37 are implicated in rosacea etiology.
  • Onabotulinum toxin shows clinical benefit in refractory rosacea, but its mechanism is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the molecular mechanism of onabotulinum toxin in improving rosacea lesions.
  • To investigate the direct effects of onabotulinum toxin on mast cells.

Main Methods:

  • Human and murine mast cells were treated with onabotulinum toxin A or B.
  • Mast cell degranulation was assessed via beta-hexosaminidase activity.
  • In vivo rosacea models were established using LL-37 and onabotulinum toxin A.
  • Expression of botulinum toxin receptor Sv2, SNAP-25, and VAMP2 was analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Onabotulinum toxin A and B inhibited mast cell degranulation in vitro.
  • Onabotulinum toxin A and B altered SNAP-25 and VAMP2 expression in mast cells.
  • In vivo, onabotulinum toxin A reduced LL-37-induced erythema, mast cell degranulation, and rosacea biomarkers.

Conclusions:

  • Onabotulinum toxin directly inhibits mast cell degranulation, reducing rosacea inflammation.
  • Onabotulinum toxin may be an effective treatment for refractory rosacea.
  • Further research into onabotulinum toxin for rosacea is warranted.
Keywords:
BotoxBotulinum toxinMast cellMechanism of actionRosacea

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