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Related Concept Videos

Laminins are the Adhesive Proteins of Basal Lamina00:55

Laminins are the Adhesive Proteins of Basal Lamina

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Laminins are heterotrimeric proteins with high molecular mass found in the extracellular matrix. Each laminin molecule is composed of three chains, viz. alpha, beta, and gamma, coded by five, four, and three paralogous genes, respectively. Laminins are categories based on the compositions of the three chains.
In humans, the five forms of alpha chains are LAMA 1, LAMA 2, LAMA 3, LAMA 4, and LAMA 5. The four forms of beta chains are LAMB 1, LAMB 2, LAMB 3, and LAMB 4. The three forms of gamma...
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Basal Lamina are the Specialized Form of ECM01:03

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The basal lamina is a thin extracellular layer that lies underneath the cells and separates them from other tissues. The three layers of the basal lamina are lamina lucida, lamina densa and lamina reticularis. The basal lamina, a mixture of glycoproteins and collagen, provides an attachment site for the epithelium, separating it from underlying connective tissue. The framework of basal lamina has other essential proteins such as laminins mesh, perlecan, entactin, and type IV collagen.
Proteins...
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Type IV Collagen of Basal Lamina01:05

Type IV Collagen of Basal Lamina

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Type IV collagen is a 400 nm long, network-forming collagen that acts as a barrier between the epithelial and endothelial cells. Type IV collagen  forms the backbone of the basement membrane by scaffolding with laminin, entactin, proteoglycans, and fibronectin. Apart from rendering structural support to the basement membrane, it also helps entail signaling potentials necessary for both pathological and physiological functions.
A type IV collagen molecule has six alpha chains which can...
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What are Cells?01:07

What are Cells?

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Cells are the smallest and basic units of life, whether it is a single cell that forms the entire organism, e.g., in a bacterium or trillions of them, e.g., in humans. No matter what organism a cell is a part of, they share specific characteristics.
Basic Characteristics of Cells
A living cell has a plasma membrane, a bilayer of lipids that separates the aqueous solution inside the cell called the cytoplasm from the outside environment.
Furthermore, a living cell possesses genetic information...
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What is Cell Signaling?02:03

What is Cell Signaling?

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Despite the protective membrane that separates a cell from the environment, cells need the ability to detect and respond to environmental changes. Additionally, cells often need to communicate with one another. Unicellular and multicellular organisms use a variety of cell signaling mechanisms to communicate to respond to the environment.
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Concentration Cells02:41

Concentration Cells

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A concentration cell is a type of a  voltaic cell constructed by connecting two almost identical half-cells, both based on the same half-reaction and using the same electrode, differing only in the concentration of one redox species. A concentration cell's potential, therefore, is determined only by the concentration difference of the particular redox species.
Consider the following voltaic cell:
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Related Experiment Video

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Evaluation of Stem Cell Properties in Human Ovarian Carcinoma Cells Using Multi and Single Cell-based Spheres Assays
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Scalp basal cell carcinoma: A different entity?

António Castanheira1,2, Paula Soares2,3,4,2, Paula Boaventura2,3,4

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Centro Hospitalar de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal.

Dermatologic Therapy
|January 20, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Basal cell carcinoma on the scalp, though less common due to UV protection, may be more aggressive. This review examines its unique characteristics, risk factors, and treatment challenges.

Keywords:
basal cell carcinomareviewscalp

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common skin cancer in fair-skinned individuals.
  • The scalp, rich in pilosebaceous follicles and protected from UV, presents a unique site for BCC development.
  • Scalp BCC is often reported as more aggressive and challenging to treat than BCCs in other locations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the clinical and pathological features of scalp basal cell carcinoma.
  • To identify risk factors, genetic predispositions, and current treatment strategies for scalp BCC.
  • To enhance understanding of this distinct BCC subtype due to its aggressive nature.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of clinical and pathological data.
  • Analysis of risk factors and genetic associations.
  • Evaluation of treatment outcomes and challenges.

Main Results:

  • Scalp BCC exhibits unique characteristics potentially linked to its anatomical site.
  • Factors contributing to its aggressiveness and treatment difficulty are under investigation.
  • Further research is needed to determine if scalp BCC is a distinct clinicopathological entity.

Conclusions:

  • Scalp basal cell carcinoma warrants special attention due to its aggressive behavior, invasiveness, and recurrence potential.
  • Understanding its specific attributes is crucial for effective management and improved patient outcomes.
  • Further studies are essential to clarify its unique entity and optimize therapeutic approaches.