Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 30, 2026
06:57
Pavlovian Conditioned Approach Training in Rats
Published on: February 4, 2016
11.5K
The influence of pre-training evaluative responses on approach-avoidance training outcomes
Anand Krishna1, Andreas B Eder1
1a Department of Psychology, University of Würzburg , Würzburg , Germany.
Cognition & Emotion
|January 22, 2019
Summary
Approach-avoidance training (AAT) effects are moderated by initial implicit liking. Pre-existing implicit liking for targets significantly influenced AAT outcomes, highlighting its importance in training effectiveness.
Area of Science:
- Psychology
- Behavioral Science
Background:
- Approach-avoidance training (AAT) is a widely studied behavioral intervention.
- Inconsistent findings necessitate identifying moderators of AAT efficacy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how pre-training evaluative responses moderate AAT effects.
- To test predictions regarding response congruency, strengthening existing evaluations, and ambivalence.
Main Methods:
- Two experiments (N=132) utilized AAT with soft-drink brands.
- Evaluated explicit and implicit evaluations of brands before and after training.
Main Results:
- No reliable effects on consumption or ratings were found.
- Participants showed increased implicit liking for approached targets compared to avoided targets.
- Pre-training implicit liking magnitude positively correlated with the training effect size.
Conclusions:
- Implicit liking prior to AAT is a crucial moderator of training effects.
- Findings partially support congruency predictions in AAT.
- Ambivalence did not directly influence AAT outcomes.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:14Frustration and Conflict: Avoidance-Avoidance, Double-Approach Avoidance
671
Avoidance-avoidance conflict refers to a psychological situation where a person must choose between two or more unpleasant alternatives. These conflicts are particularly stressful because neither option is desirable. This dilemma is often expressed in sayings like "caught between a rock and a hard place" or "between the devil and the deep blue sea." For instance, individuals who fear dental procedures may find themselves torn between enduring a painful toothache or facing the...
671
01:20Frustration and Conflict: Approach-Approach, Approach-Avoidance
528
Frustration occurs when people are obstructed or prevented from achieving a desired goal or fulfilling a perceived need. For example, when someone's input is ignored in a discussion, it can lead to feelings of frustration. Conflict, however, arises from opposing interests, goals, or actions. Conflicts can take various forms based on the nature of these opposing desires or goals.
One common type of conflict is the Approach–Approach Conflict. In this case, a person faces two desirable...
One common type of conflict is the Approach–Approach Conflict. In this case, a person faces two desirable...
528
01:15Chronopharmacokinetics: Circadian Rhythms and Influence on Drug Response
370
Circadian rhythms are cyclic changes that are crucial in plasma drug concentrations. Various standard circadian parameters, including core body temperature, heart rate, and other cardiovascular factors, directly impact disease states and the therapeutic response to drug therapy.
The time of drug administration is an important factor to consider, as it can influence the toxic dose of a drug. For example, a study conducted by Prins et al. in 1997 examined the effects of the timing of...
The time of drug administration is an important factor to consider, as it can influence the toxic dose of a drug. For example, a study conducted by Prins et al. in 1997 examined the effects of the timing of...
370
02:24Predicting Reaction Outcomes
10.8K
Kinetics describes the rate and path by which a reaction occurs. In contrast, thermodynamics deals with state functions and describes the properties, behavior, and components of a system. It is not concerned with the path taken by the process and cannot address the rate at which a reaction occurs. Although it does provide information about what can happen during a reaction process, it does not describe the detailed steps of what appears on an atomic or a molecular level. On the other hand,...
10.8K
02:01pre-mRNA Processing
57.5K
In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a “cap” to the 5’ end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5’ phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached to it (7-Methyl...
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a “cap” to the 5’ end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5’ phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached to it (7-Methyl...
57.5K
01:13Outcomes of Glycolysis
107.1K
Nearly all the energy used by cells comes from the bonds that make up complex organic compounds. These organic compounds are broken down into simpler molecules, such as glucose. As a result, cells extract energy from glucose over many chemical reactions—a process called cellular respiration.
Cellular respiration can occur aerobically (with oxygen) or anaerobically (without oxygen). In the presence of oxygen, cellular respiration starts with glycolysis and continues with pyruvate...
Cellular respiration can occur aerobically (with oxygen) or anaerobically (without oxygen). In the presence of oxygen, cellular respiration starts with glycolysis and continues with pyruvate...
107.1K