Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Dehydration Synthesis01:15

Dehydration Synthesis

149.6K
Overview
Dehydration synthesis (also called a condensation reaction) is the chemical process in which two molecules covalently link together to form a new molecule, along with the release of a water molecule. Many physiologically important compounds form by dehydration synthesis reactions, such as complex carbohydrates, proteins, DNA, and RNA.
Synthesis of carbohydrates
Sugar molecules are covalently linked together by dehydration synthesis. During the reaction, the hydroxyl (-OH) group from...
149.6K
Decision Making01:20

Decision Making

965
Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
Automatic decision-making is fast, intuitive, and relies on gut feelings...
965
Acid-Catalyzed Dehydration of Alcohols to Alkenes02:35

Acid-Catalyzed Dehydration of Alcohols to Alkenes

23.9K
In a dehydration reaction, a hydroxyl group in an alcohol is eliminated along with the hydrogen from an adjacent carbon. Here, the products are an alkene and a molecule of water. Dehydration of alcohols is generally achieved by heating in the presence of an acid catalyst. While the dehydration of primary alcohols requires high temperatures and acid concentrations, secondary and tertiary alcohols can lose a water molecule under relatively mild conditions.
23.9K
Decision Making: P-value Method01:09

Decision Making: P-value Method

6.9K
The process of hypothesis testing based on the P-value method includes calculating the P- value using the sample data and interpreting it.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is proposed. The claim is based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to the claim  is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses:  a null hypothesis would be a neutral statement while the alternative hypothesis can...
6.9K
States of Water01:23

States of Water

56.8K
Water exists in any one of the three classical states: solid (ice), liquid (water), and gas (steam or water vapor). The state of water depends on i) the intermolecular forces that draw molecules together and ii) the kinetic energy that leads to movements that pull them apart.
Water freezes when the intermolecular forces are greater than the kinetic energy. Unlike most other substances, water is less dense in its solid state than in its liquid state. This is because each water molecule can form...
56.8K
Dehydration of Aldols to Enals: Base-Catalyzed Aldol Condensation01:14

Dehydration of Aldols to Enals: Base-Catalyzed Aldol Condensation

7.1K
This lesson delves into the aldol condensation catalyzed by bases, where aldols undergo dehydration to enals. As shown in Figure 1, the β-hydroxy aldehyde formed in a base-catalyzed aldol addition reaction dehydrates on heating to yield an unsaturated carbonyl product, which is commonly referred to as an enal.
7.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Metabolic Signalling Peptides and Their Relation to Clinical and Demographic Characteristics in Acute and Recovered Females with Anorexia Nervosa.

Nutrients·2025
Same author

Neuromodulation of dorsal and ventral prefrontal cortex during gambling task performance in low and high impulsive individuals.

Addictive behaviors·2025
Same author

Darts fast-learning reduces theta power but is not affected by Hf-tRNS: A behavioral and electrophysiological investigation.

Brain research·2024
Same author

Single session and repeated anodal transcranial direct current stimulation over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex increases reflective thinking but not working memory updating performance.

Heliyon·2024
Same author

Exploring Alcohol-Related Behaviours in an Adult Sample with Anorexia Nervosa and Those in Recovery.

Nutrients·2024
Same author

'No evidence of harm' implies no evidence of safety: Framing the lack of causal evidence in gambling advertising research.

Addiction (Abingdon, England)·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Assessment of Mouse Judgment Bias through an Olfactory Digging Task
12:10

Assessment of Mouse Judgment Bias through an Olfactory Digging Task

Published on: March 4, 2022

3.1K

Water supplementation after dehydration improves judgment and decision-making performance.

Olivia C Patsalos1, Volker Thoma2

  • 1Section of Eating Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, King's College London, London, SE5 8AZ, UK. olivia.patsalos@kcl.ac.uk.

Psychological Research
|January 23, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Drinking water after dehydration significantly improves cognitive reflection and decision-making performance in adults. This study highlights the impact of hydration status on complex cognitive functions.

More Related Videos

A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments
08:12

A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments

Published on: March 1, 2022

3.0K
Therapeutic Effectiveness of a Dietary Supplement for Management of Halitosis in Dogs
07:33

Therapeutic Effectiveness of a Dietary Supplement for Management of Halitosis in Dogs

Published on: July 6, 2015

12.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Assessment of Mouse Judgment Bias through an Olfactory Digging Task
12:10

Assessment of Mouse Judgment Bias through an Olfactory Digging Task

Published on: March 4, 2022

3.1K
A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments
08:12

A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments

Published on: March 1, 2022

3.0K
Therapeutic Effectiveness of a Dietary Supplement for Management of Halitosis in Dogs
07:33

Therapeutic Effectiveness of a Dietary Supplement for Management of Halitosis in Dogs

Published on: July 6, 2015

12.0K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Dehydration and water intake are known to influence mood and cognitive functions like memory and attention.
  • The specific effects of water supplementation on complex cognitive tasks, including judgment and decision-making, require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of water supplementation on cognitive performance in adults after a period of dehydration.
  • To examine the relationship between hydration status, thirst, and performance on thinking and decision-making tasks.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-nine adult participants completed cognitive tests on two occasions after overnight fasting.
  • On one occasion, participants received 500 ml of water before testing.
  • Urine osmolality was measured to confirm hydration status.

Main Results:

  • Water supplementation significantly improved performance on cognitive reflection tasks related to judgment and decision-making.
  • Enhanced performance was linked to improvements in inhibition processes.
  • The benefits of water intake were observed irrespective of subjective thirst or attentiveness levels.

Conclusions:

  • Water supplementation following a 12-hour dehydration period enhances cognitive performance in judgment and decision-making tasks.
  • Hydration status plays a crucial role in higher-order cognitive functions, particularly those involving inhibition and cognitive reflection.