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Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Author Spotlight: Optimizing Antibody-Based Cancer Treatments via Antibody-Dependent, Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity Assay
Published on: September 13, 2024
Evaluating Antibody-Dependent Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity by Chromium Release Assay
Irene van der Haar Àvila1,2, Patricia Marmol3, Rolf Kiessling1
1Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Abstract:
Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) is a mechanism in which immune cell activation is induced by the cross-linking of CD16 with the Fc region of antibodies that at the same time bind specifically to cell surface antigens. ADCC stimulates the secretion of perforin, granzymes, and cytokines leading to lysis of the malignant cells. Natural killer (NK) cells express the CD16 receptor and can therefore be activated by ADCC to kill tumor cells. To study the cytotoxicity of NK cells against cancer cells, an ADCC-based assay is described: the chromium release assay. In this method, the antibody trastuzumab, which binds specifically to HER2-positive malignant cells, is used to trigger ADCC.
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