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Salt, Hypertension, and the Lens
Şahbender Koç1, Sadettin Selçuk Baysal2
11 Keçiören Education and Training Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey.
Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders
|January 23, 2019
Summary
Cortical lens opacities can help detect salt-sensitive hypertension (SSH), a condition linked to impaired sodium/potassium adenosine triphosphatase (Na+/K+-ATPase) activity. This easily observable finding aids in identifying SSH and excess salt intake.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Nephrology
- Cardiology
Background:
- Salt intake is a key factor in hypertension (HT) pathogenesis.
- Salt-sensitive hypertension (SSH) constitutes approximately 50% of all HT cases.
- Impaired sodium/potassium adenosine triphosphatase (Na+/K+-ATPase) activity in SSH affects lens epithelium, leading to cortical opacities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of cortical lens opacities in detecting salt-sensitive hypertension (SSH).
- To establish the diagnostic value of lens opacities for identifying SSH and excess salt consumption.
Main Methods:
- The study involved 350 hypertension patients (191 SSH, 159 salt-resistant HT) aged 40-80, and 124 controls.
- Salt intake was assessed via 24-hour urinary sodium excretion.
- Cortical lens opacities were examined biomicroscopically by two researchers.
Main Results:
- Total lens opacity was a significant predictor of SSH (P < 0.001).
- Sensitivity and specificity for detecting SSH were 75.4% and 83.6%, respectively.
- Positive and negative predictive values were 84.7% and 73.9%, respectively.
Conclusions:
- Cortical lens opacities serve as a readily observable clinical sign for SSH detection.
- Lens opacity assessment can aid in identifying individuals with excess salt intake.
- This finding offers a simple method for screening SSH.
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