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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
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Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations01:24

Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations

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Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
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Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:28

Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
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Chronic Kidney Disease IV: Nursing Management01:18

Chronic Kidney Disease IV: Nursing Management

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Nursing management is essential for preventing complications, maintaining stability, and improving patients' quality of life in chronic kidney disease (CKD). By using a structured approach, nurses help slow CKD progression and support effective patient care​.1. Comprehensive patient assessmentEffective management begins with nurses reviewing the patient’s medical history, and identifying key risk factors like diabetes, hypertension, and nephrotoxic drug use. Nurses assess signs of...
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Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

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The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
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COPD is defined as a heterogeneous lung condition marked by persistent respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, and sputum production, caused by abnormalities in the airways that cause airflow obstruction.
Smoking is a primary risk factor for COPD, with over 80% of patients having a history of it. Patients typically experience progressive dyspnea or labored breathing, frequent coughing, and recurrent pulmonary infections. Many eventually succumb to respiratory failure, characterized by...
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Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
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Reducing major risk factors for chronic kidney disease.

Valerie A Luyckx1,2, Katherine R Tuttle3, Guillermo Garcia-Garcia4

  • 1Institute of Biomedical Ethics and History of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Kidney International Supplements
|January 25, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) poses a significant global health challenge. Identifying and mitigating both traditional and nontraditional risk factors is crucial for effective prevention and management strategies worldwide.

Keywords:
acute kidney injurychronic kidney diseasemulti-sectoral approachpreventionpublic healthrisk factors

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major global health issue with a substantial impact on patient outcomes.
  • While recognized in developed nations, the burden of CKD may be significantly higher in developing countries.
  • Traditional risk factors (diabetes, hypertension, obesity) and nontraditional factors (nephrotoxins, infections, environmental exposures) contribute to CKD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the global burden of chronic kidney disease (CKD).
  • To emphasize the importance of identifying and mitigating both traditional and nontraditional CKD risk factors.
  • To advocate for a comprehensive prevention approach considering diverse population-specific factors.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing evidence on CKD prevalence and risk factors globally.
  • Analysis of traditional and nontraditional risk factors contributing to CKD.
  • Discussion of data collection and analysis for targeted prevention strategies.

Main Results:

  • CKD is a significant global health concern, potentially more prevalent in developing countries.
  • A wide range of traditional and nontraditional factors contribute to CKD.
  • Effective prevention requires understanding incidence, prevalence, and risk factor distribution.

Conclusions:

  • A broad approach to CKD prevention is necessary, starting with risk factor identification.
  • Early screening and treatment of at-risk populations are vital for delaying CKD progression.
  • Targeted prevention strategies informed by systematically collected, geographically analyzed data are essential to combat the global CKD epidemic.