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Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Research and Development of High-performance Explosives
Published on: February 20, 2016
Explosive Growth in British Physician Associate Education Since 2008
Tamara S Ritsema1, Karen A Roberts, Jeannie S Watkins
1Tamara S. Ritsema, MPH, MMSc, PA-C/R, is an assistant professor in the Department of Physician Assistant Studies at the George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences in Washington, DC, and an adjunct senior lecturer in Physician Associate Education at the Institute of Medical and Biomedical Education at the St. George's, University of London, in London, England, in the United Kingdom. Karen A. Roberts, MS, PA-C/R, is a reader in Physician Associate Education at the Institute of Medical and Biomedical Education at the St. George's, University of London, in London, England, in the United Kingdom. Jeannie S. Watkins, PG Cert, PA-R, is a senior lecturer in Physician Associate Education at the Institute of Medical and Biomedical Education at the St. George's, University of London, in London, England, in the United Kingdom.
Physician associate (PA) education in the UK experienced significant growth, with program numbers rising from 4 in 2008 to 29 by 2017. Student enrollment also surged, reflecting the expanding landscape of PA training programs.
Area of Science:
- Medical Education
- Healthcare Professions
- Physician Associate Studies
Background:
- Physician associate (PA) education in the United Kingdom began in the late 2000s.
- Initial PA programs were limited in number and geographical distribution.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the growth trajectory of physician associate (PA) education programs in the UK.
- To examine the fluctuations in student enrollment within PA programs.
- To map the geographical expansion of PA training across the UK.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of program establishment and student enrollment data.
- Data collection from UK universities offering PA programs.
- Tracking of program numbers and student intake from 2008 to 2017.
Main Results:
- The number of PA programs decreased from 4 in 2008 to 2 in 2012, then rapidly increased to 29 by 2017.
- Student enrollment fluctuated, with a significant rise from 17 in 2010 to 853 in 2017.
- PA education expanded from England to all four UK countries by 2017.
Conclusions:
- UK physician associate (PA) education has demonstrated substantial growth in programs and student numbers since its inception.
- The expansion indicates a increasing demand and development within the PA profession in the UK.
- Further growth is anticipated, though potentially at a slower rate approaching 2020.
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