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Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Quantum materials science

Background:

  • Flat electronic bands in materials can lead to exotic quantum phenomena due to strong electron correlations.
  • Twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) with a specific twist angle (1.1°) exhibits gate-tunable superconducting and correlated insulating phases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the tunability of superconducting and correlated insulating phases in TBG.
  • To explore the role of interlayer coupling, beyond just twist angle, in controlling these electronic phases.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of low-disorder twisted bilayer graphene devices.
  • Application of hydrostatic pressure to vary interlayer spacing and coupling.
  • Tuning of electronic phases via gate voltage and pressure.

Main Results:

  • Superconductivity was induced at twist angles greater than 1.1°, where correlated phases are typically absent, by applying hydrostatic pressure.
  • Varying interlayer spacing with pressure allowed precise tuning of the superconducting and insulating phases.
  • Detailed superconducting phase diagrams were mapped and analyzed in relation to the adjacent insulating states.

Conclusions:

  • Interlayer coupling is a critical parameter for tuning correlated electronic states in TBG, alongside twist angle.
  • Hydrostatic pressure offers a novel method to engineer superconductivity and correlated phenomena in TBG.
  • Twisted bilayer graphene serves as a highly versatile platform for fundamental research into correlated quantum states.