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Visualizing Early Infection Sites of Rice Blast Disease Magnaporthe oryzae on Barley Hordeum vulgare Using a Basic Microscope and a Smartphone
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Diversity and Distribution of Rice Blast (Pyricularia oryzae Cavara) Races in Bangladesh
M A I Khan1, M A Ali1, M A Monsur1
1Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.
Plant Disease
|January 27, 2019
Summary
This study reveals significant virulence diversity in rice blast pathogen (Pyricularia oryzae Cavara) populations across Bangladesh. Researchers identified 267 distinct races, aiding in developing durable disease resistance strategies.
Area of Science:
- Plant Pathology
- Agricultural Science
- Mycology
Background:
- Rice blast, caused by Pyricularia oryzae Cavara, is a major threat to global food security.
- Understanding pathogen diversity is crucial for effective disease management strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the pathogenicity and genetic diversity of rice blast pathogen isolates in Bangladesh.
- To classify blast races and identify potential resistance genes for durable crop protection.
Main Methods:
- Pathogenicity testing of 331 blast isolates against 23 differential rice varieties (DV) with known resistance genes.
- Classification of isolates into races using a new designation system and cluster analysis.
- Selection of 26 standard differential isolates for identifying rice blast resistance genes.
Main Results:
- A wide variation in virulence was observed, leading to the classification of 267 distinct blast races.
- Specific virulence profiles were identified against various resistance genes (Pia, Pib, Pit, Pik-s, Piz-t, etc.).
- Two main groups of isolates were identified with differing virulence spectra, primarily associated with lowland ecosystems.
Conclusions:
- This study provides the first comprehensive analysis of rice blast race diversity in Bangladesh.
- The identified blast races and differential isolates are essential for developing robust, durable blast resistance in rice.
- Findings will inform targeted breeding programs and disease management strategies for sustainable rice production.
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