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Sleep-disordered breathing is common among term and near term infants in the NICU

Meera S Meerkov1, Fauziya Hassan1,2, Ronald D Chervin2,3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.

Pediatric Pulmonology
|January 29, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is common in high-risk newborns. Current findings show no association with neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18-22 months, but further research is needed.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal intensive care
  • Pediatric sleep medicine
  • Neurodevelopmental disorders

Background:

  • Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is known to negatively impact neurocognition in older children.
  • The prevalence and neurodevelopmental consequences of SDB in newborns admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency of SDB in newborns requiring intensive care.
  • To evaluate the potential impact of neonatal SDB on neurodevelopmental outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 48 term and near-term newborns at risk for seizures underwent 12-hour polysomnography (PSG) in the NICU.
  • Infants were assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development, third edition (Bayley-III) at 18-22 months of corrected age.

Main Results:

  • The median pediatric apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was 10.1, with predominantly central sleep events.
  • No significant associations were found between maternal/prenatal factors and AHI.
  • Neonatal PSG findings did not correlate with Bayley-III scores at 18-22 months.

Conclusions:

  • Sleep-disordered breathing is prevalent in at-risk newborns.
  • Long-term neurodevelopmental effects of neonatal SDB require further investigation with more sensitive testing at later ages.
Abstract

Keywords:
epidemiologyneonatal pulmonary medicinesleep medicine

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