Prognostic Factors for Hearing Outcomes in Children with Cleft Lip and Palate
Chao-Hui Yang1, Jui-Pin Lai1, An-Chi Lee1
1From the Departments of Otolaryngology and Plastic Surgery and the Craniofacial Center, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine; and the Graduate Institute of Audiology and Speech Therapy, Kaohsiung Normal University.
Background:
This study was performed to investigate the prognostic factors that influence hearing outcomes of children with cleft lip and palate after ventilation tube insertion.
Methods:
The authors retrospectively reviewed the hearing thresholds of 90 children with cleft lip and palate and performed univariate and multivariate analyses of five prognostic factors for hearing outcomes: age at palatoplasty, age at first ventilation tube insertion, timing of ventilation tube insertion, frequency of ventilation tube insertion, and type of cleft palate.
Results:
On univariate analysis, the authors found that older age at palatoplasty (p = 0.002), older age at first ventilation tube insertion (p = 0.025), and increased frequency of ventilation tube insertion (p = 0.048) were significant prognostic factors for poorer hearing outcomes in children with cleft lip and palate. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that late palatoplasty (age older than 1 year) was the most influential factor for poor hearing outcome (OR, 2.83), followed by two or more ventilation tube insertions (OR, 1.94).
Conclusion:
The age at palatoplasty and frequency of ventilation tube insertion were found to be significant prognostic factors influencing hearing outcomes in children with cleft lip and palate.
Clinical Question/Level Of Evidence:
Risk, III.
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