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Human babesiosis.

Peter J Krause1

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International Journal for Parasitology
|January 29, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Babesiosis, a tick-borne illness, is spreading globally and poses serious risks, particularly to immunocompromised individuals and transfusion recipients. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for managing this emerging infectious disease.

Keywords:
Babesia microtiBabesiosisBorrelia burgdorferiIxodes ticksTick-borne diseases

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Area of Science:

  • * Veterinary medicine
  • * Infectious diseases
  • * Parasitology

Background:

  • * Babesiosis is an emerging tick-borne parasitic disease with increasing incidence and geographic distribution worldwide.
  • * The disease presents a significant health burden, especially for immunocompromised individuals and those infected via blood transfusion, with mortality rates up to 20% in these vulnerable groups.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To summarize the current understanding of babesiosis, including its epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.
  • * To highlight the challenges posed by the expanding range of Babesia and the limitations of current control measures.

Main Methods:

  • * Diagnosis confirmed by identifying intraerythrocytic parasites on blood smears.
  • * Detection of Babesia DNA via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) enhances diagnostic accuracy.

Main Results:

  • * Treatment regimens include atovaquone with azithromycin or clindamycin with quinine.
  • * Exchange transfusion is reserved for severe cases of babesiosis.

Conclusions:

  • * While personal and public health measures can mitigate infection risk, they are unlikely to halt the geographic expansion of Babesia.
  • * Continued vigilance and research are necessary to address the growing public health threat of babesiosis.