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Planar antenna array as a highly sensitive terahertz sensor.

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    This study introduces a novel comb-shaped antenna array for enhanced terahertz (THz) sensing. The proposed structure significantly boosts detection sensitivity for biomolecules like lactose.

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    Area of Science:

    • Physics
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Terahertz (THz) sensing offers non-ionizing and label-free detection capabilities.
    • Spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs) enable subwavelength confinement and manipulation of THz waves.
    • Existing THz sensing platforms often face limitations in sensitivity and detection limits.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and demonstrate a planar comb-shaped antenna array for enhanced THz sensing.
    • To investigate the excitation of spoof surface plasmon modes for improved analyte detection.
    • To showcase the application of the antenna array in sensitive detection of lactose.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of a planar comb-shaped antenna array using periodic rectangular grooves on a metal-insulator-semiconductor structure.
    • Excitation of spoof surface plasmon modes at the metal-dielectric interface.
    • Characterization of the antenna array's sensing performance in transmission and reflection modes using lactose as a model analyte.
    • Analysis of the relationship between reflectance and analyte thickness.

    Main Results:

    • The proposed antenna array demonstrated a 7.6-fold signal enhancement in transmission mode for lactose sensing compared to a bare silicon substrate.
    • In reflection mode, the sensing signal for lactose increased approximately 13-fold with the antenna array, indicating high sensitivity.
    • The antenna array enabled prediction of lactose thickness based on peak reflectance.
    • The structure exhibited significant potential for biological and chemical sensing applications.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed comb-shaped antenna array effectively utilizes spoof surface plasmon modes for highly sensitive THz sensing.
    • The proposed structure offers a promising platform for label-free, enhanced detection of biomolecules and chemicals.
    • This work contributes to advancements in THz sensing technology for various scientific and industrial applications.