Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Translaminar Autonomous System Model for the Modulation of Intraocular and Intracranial Pressure in Human Donor Posterior Segments
Published on: April 24, 2020
Adiponectin: A potential candidate for treating fibrosis in posterior segment of the eye
Karthikka Palanisamy1, Rajiv Raman2, Konerirajapuram Natarajan Sulochana2
1R.S. Mehta Jain Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, KBIRVO, Vision Research Foundation, Chennai, India; School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, India.
Abstract:
Fibrosis in ocular tissues causes severe visual deterioration and blindness in patients with glaucoma, cataract, age related macular degeneration (AMD) and diabetic retinopathy (DR). Currently available anti-fibrotic agents exhibit undesirous cytotoxic effects and thus prove ineffective to treat post-surgical fibrosis. Accordingly, there is a need to develop efficient and novel anti-fibrotic agents. Adiponectin (APN), an adipokine from adipocytes is increased in the aqueous and vitreous humor of the patients with micro-angiopathy and chronic inflammation. Furthermore, it is reported to be elevated in the subretinal fluid, vitreous and epiretinal membrane of patients with AMD, proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) respectively. Since APN has anti-angiogenic activity and reduces VEGF levels, we hypothesize that APN might regulate the angio-fibrotic switch and drive the formation of fibrovascular membrane at advanced stages of AMD, PVR and PDR. Intriguingly, APN is shown to inhibit liver, cardiac and pulmonary fibrosis, yet it accelerates renal fibrosis. Therefore, the factors such as tissue and cell type, disease specific pathological milieu and the choice of APN receptor interaction could determine the pro- or anti-fibrotic nature of APN. We speculate that APN could play a profibrotic role in the posterior segment of the eye.
Related Concept Videos
Cystic Fibrosis: Pathogenesis
CF is primarily caused by a genetic mutation in a chromosome 7 gene coding for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. The most common gene mutation leading to CF is the ΔF508 mutation,...
Potential Energy
Chemical bonds that form attractive forces between atoms also contain potential energy, called chemical energy. When a chemical reaction...
Cystic Fibrosis: Management
Sinus disease and chronic...
Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View
The frontal bone is the single bone that forms the forehead. At its anterior midline, between the eyebrows, there is a slight depression called the glabella. The frontal bone also forms the supraorbital margin of the orbit. Near the middle of this margin is the supraorbital foramen, the opening that provides passage for a sensory nerve to the forehead. The frontal bone is thickened just above each supraorbital margin,...
Standard Electrode Potentials
Cell Potential and Free Energy
Thermodynamics is the branch of physics dealing with the relationship between heat and other forms of energy. In an electrochemical cell, chemical energy is converted into electrical energy.
Thus, a link can be predicted between cell potential, free energy change, and the equilibrium constant for the reaction. Cell potential can also be measured as the oxidant or the reducing strength, and similar acid-base strength measures are reflected in equilibrium...

