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Monochloramine dissipation in storm sewer systems: field testing and model development.

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Monochloramine (NH2Cl) from tap water can contaminate storm sewers. A new kinetic model accurately describes NH2Cl dissipation in sewers, aiding environmental protection efforts.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Water Quality Management
  • Wastewater Engineering

Background:

  • Monochloramine (NH2Cl) is a key drinking water disinfectant.
  • Outdoor tap water use can lead to NH2Cl discharge into storm sewers.
  • NH2Cl dissipation in sewers occurs via auto-decomposition, chemical reactions, and biological processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dissipation of monochloramine (NH2Cl) in storm sewer systems.
  • To develop and validate a kinetic model for NH2Cl dissipation.
  • To provide insights for regulating outdoor tap water discharge and protecting aquatic environments.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a field test involving continuous tap water discharge into a storm sewer.
  • Monitored NH2Cl concentration changes over time and distance.
  • Developed a kinetic model incorporating a time-dependent coefficient (fT) to describe dissipation rates.

Main Results:

  • Observed a rapid initial decrease in NH2Cl concentration, which slowed over time.
  • The developed kinetic model, calibrated with the fT coefficient, accurately represented the field dissipation data.
  • The model successfully described the time-varying NH2Cl dissipation rates.

Conclusions:

  • The kinetic model provides a robust tool for understanding NH2Cl behavior in storm sewers.
  • Findings can inform policies regarding outdoor tap water use to minimize environmental impact.
  • This research contributes to safeguarding aquatic ecosystems from disinfectant contamination.