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Related Concept Videos

Infection01:20

Infection

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When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
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Stages of Infection01:26

Stages of Infection

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Stages of infection describe what happens to a susceptible host once a pathogen invades the human body. The stages of infection are incubation, prodromal, illness, stage of decline, and convalescence. The incubation stage is the period from exposure to a pathogen until symptoms start. The infected person is unaware of impending illness as the pathogens grow and multiply within the body. The duration may vary depending on the type of infection. The incubation period of measles averages ten to...
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Defense Mechanism Against Infection01:26

Defense Mechanism Against Infection

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Natural flora, body system defenses, and inflammation are natural barriers of the body against infectious agents regardless of previous exposure. Normal floras of the human body refer to the microbial population that colonizes the skin and mucous membranes.
In addition, many body organ systems have unique defenses against infection. The skin is an intact, multilayered surface preventing invasion by microorganisms unless impaired. Mucous membranes lining the mouth, nose, and eyelids are barriers...
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Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

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Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
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Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

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The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
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Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

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Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 30, 2026

Microscopy-based Assays for High-throughput Screening of Host Factors Involved in Brucella Infection of Hela Cells
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Simultaneous Brucella breast and pacemaker infection.

Dima Ibrahim1,2,3, Helene Dabbous1,3, Yasmine Abi Aad1,2,3

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.

Idcases
|February 1, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Brucellosis, a bacterial infection common in the Middle East, can cause deep-seated infections like breast abscesses and pacemaker infections. This case highlights a rare simultaneous occurrence of both in a single patient, posing diagnostic challenges.

Keywords:
Breast abscessBrucellaEndocarditisPacemaker

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Brucellosis is endemic in the Middle East and eastern Mediterranean, presenting diagnostic challenges due to its varied symptoms.
  • Deep-seated infections, including breast abscesses and prosthetic endovascular device infections, can be caused by Brucella.
  • Prosthetic endovascular device infections are rare but challenging to treat, often requiring device removal.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report a rare case of simultaneous breast abscesses and pacemaker infection caused by Brucella.
  • To highlight the diagnostic complexities of Brucellosis, particularly in deep-seated infections.

Main Methods:

  • Case report presentation.
  • Clinical case review.
  • Microbiological identification of Brucella species.

Main Results:

  • A middle-aged Lebanese woman presented with concurrent breast abscesses and an infected pacemaker.
  • Brucella species were identified as the causative agent for both infections.
  • This simultaneous presentation is, to our knowledge, unprecedented in medical literature.

Conclusions:

  • Brucellosis can manifest with unusual and simultaneous deep-seated infections.
  • Physicians should consider Brucellosis in the differential diagnosis of febrile illnesses with complex infections, especially in endemic areas.
  • This case underscores the importance of thorough investigation for Brucellosis in patients with prosthetic devices and abscesses.