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First Report of Rice Leaf Spot by Alternaria gaisen from Pakistan
N Akhtar1, R Hafeez1, Z A Awan1
1Institute of Agricultural Sciences, University of the Punjab Lahore, Pakistan.
Plant Disease
|February 2, 2019
Summary
A new rice leaf spot disease caused by Alternaria gaisen was identified in Pakistan. This marks the first report of this pathogen on rice globally, indicating its potential threat to rice cultivation.
Area of Science:
- Plant Pathology
- Mycology
- Agricultural Science
Background:
- Black, circular, necrotic spots were observed on rice plants in Lahore, Pakistan.
- Symptoms included 8-10 spots per leaf, affecting plants individually or in small groups.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and characterize the fungal pathogen causing leaf spot disease in rice.
- To confirm the pathogenicity of the isolated fungus on rice plants.
Main Methods:
- Fungal isolation from symptomatic leaves and culturing on Malt Extract Agar (MEA).
- Morphological characterization of fungal isolates, including conidiophore and conidia measurements.
- Molecular identification using Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region sequencing and BLAST analysis.
- Pathogenicity testing on Basmati-198 rice cultivar under controlled greenhouse conditions.
Main Results:
- Morphological analysis identified the pathogen as Alternaria gaisen.
- ITS sequencing confirmed a 99% identity to known A. gaisen strains.
- Inoculated rice plants developed symptoms similar to those observed in the field, while control plants remained healthy.
- Re-isolation and confirmation of Koch's postulates validated pathogenicity.
Conclusions:
- Alternaria gaisen is identified as the causal agent of a new leaf spot disease in rice.
- This is the first report of A. gaisen on rice worldwide, highlighting its potential as a significant rice pathogen.
- Further research on disease epidemiology and management strategies is recommended for extensive rice-growing areas.
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