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Reprogramming Human Somatic Cells into Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells iPSCs Using Retroviral Vector with GFP
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Conserved regulation of RNA processing in somatic cell reprogramming.

Alexander Kanitz1,2, Afzal Pasha Syed1,2, Keisuke Kaji3

  • 1Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.

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|February 2, 2019
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Summary

Somatic cell reprogramming involves RNA processing changes. Nine splicing factors, including ESRP1 and ESRP2, consistently change and enhance reprogramming efficiency across species.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Somatic cell reprogramming involves epigenetic and transcriptional network changes.
  • RNA processing alterations, including transcript isoforms and 3' UTRs, occur during reprogramming.
  • Previous studies identified some RNA processing factors influencing reprogramming, but a comprehensive evaluation is missing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively evaluate the involvement of RNA processing factors in somatic mammalian cell reprogramming.
  • To identify consistent gene expression and splicing changes across species during reprogramming.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of large-scale reprogramming data from mouse, chimpanzee, and human studies.
  • Identification of conserved splicing factor changes across multiple datasets.
  • Characterization of isoform expression changes related to mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition.

Main Results:

  • A core set of nine splicing factors showed consistent changes across mouse, chimpanzee, and human reprogramming data.
  • ESRP1 and ESRP2 were identified as key factors that accelerate and enhance reprogramming efficiency.
  • Specific genes and processes with conserved splicing changes in human and mouse were identified.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a resource for gene expression and splicing changes during somatic cell reprogramming.
  • Conserved, cell type-specific splicing factors can modulate reprogramming efficiency.
  • Splicing factors reinforce intermediate states resembling the cell types of origin during reprogramming.