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Identifying Dysregulated Genes Induced by Kaposi's Sarcoma-associated Herpesvirus KSHV

Identifying Dysregulated Genes Induced by Kaposi's Sarcoma-associated Herpesvirus KSHV

Published on: September 14, 2010

Kaposi sarcoma.

Ethel Cesarman¹, Blossom Damania², Susan E Krown³

¹Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA. ecesarm@med.cornell.edu.

Nature Reviews. Disease Primers

|February 2, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Kaposi sarcoma (KS), a cancer linked to human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8), affects individuals with and without HIV. While antiretrovirals control HIV-related KS, new treatments are needed, especially in sub-Saharan Africa.

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Virology
Infectious Diseases

Background:

Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is an AIDS-defining malignancy historically linked to HIV/AIDS.
KS also occurs in HIV-negative individuals, including classic KS in older men, endemic KS in sub-Saharan Africa, and iatrogenic KS in transplant recipients.
The causative agent is Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV), also known as human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8).

Purpose of the Study:

To provide an overview of Kaposi sarcoma (KS), its association with human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8), and its various clinical presentations.
To discuss the impact of antiretroviral therapy on HIV-related KS and the current treatment landscape.
To highlight the epidemiological burden of KS in sub-Saharan Africa and the need for novel therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on Kaposi sarcoma (KS) epidemiology, etiology, and treatment.
Analysis of the role of human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) in KS pathogenesis.
Discussion of current therapeutic approaches, including antiretroviral therapy and chemotherapy.

Main Results:

Effective antiretroviral therapy has reduced the prevalence of AIDS-related KS but has not eliminated it.
KS remains a significant health issue, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, with a poor prognosis.
Current treatments like chemotherapy are often not curative, necessitating research into new therapeutic avenues.

Conclusions:

Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a complex malignancy with diverse clinical forms, driven by human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8).
While HIV control improves outcomes for some, KS pathogenesis and treatment require further investigation.
Developing novel, pathogenesis-based treatments is crucial, especially for high-prevalence regions like sub-Saharan Africa.