Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Pharmacology
• Public Health

Background:

• Hypertension affects both males and females, but prevalence and clinical manifestations can differ.
• Understanding sex-specific differences is crucial for effective hypertension management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current data on hypertension prevalence, control, and treatment effectiveness in males versus females.
• To discuss sex-specific protective actions and adverse effects of antihypertensive therapies.
• To identify factors influencing drug choice based on sex.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature review.
• Analysis of epidemiological data on hypertension.
• Evaluation of clinical trial outcomes for antihypertensive drugs.

Main Results:

• Prevalence and control rates of hypertension show variations between sexes.
• Antihypertensive drug efficacy and side effect profiles differ between males and females.
• Specific clinical situations necessitate sex-tailored therapeutic approaches.

Conclusions:

• Sex is a significant factor in hypertension management.
• Personalized antihypertensive treatment strategies considering sex are essential for optimal patient outcomes.
• Further research into sex-specific mechanisms and treatments for hypertension is warranted.