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Related Concept Videos

Nucleic Acids02:43

Nucleic Acids

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Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
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Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
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Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

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The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
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Nucleic Acids and Nucleotides01:20

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Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and have instructions for its functioning. The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA).
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Nucleic acid biosynthesis is a fundamental biochemical process that produces the purine and pyrimidine nucleotides essential for DNA and RNA synthesis. This pathway maintains a balanced nucleotide pool, preventing imbalances that could jeopardize genetic integrity and cellular function. Given the crucial role of nucleotides, their synthesis is tightly regulated to ensure proper cellular homeostasis.Purine BiosynthesisThe biosynthesis of purine nucleotides begins with ribose-5-phosphate, a...
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Thermal Measurement Techniques in Analytical Microfluidic Devices
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Shaping up field-deployable nucleic acid testing using microfluidic paper-based analytical devices.

Tianyu Dong1, Guan A Wang1, Feng Li2,3

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Centre for Biotechnology, Brock University, 1812 Sir Isaac Brock Way, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada.

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry
|February 2, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) offer rapid, low-cost, and sensitive nucleic acid detection. These devices streamline molecular testing for point-of-care diagnostics and field applications.

Keywords:
Field-deployable assaysMicrofluidicsNucleic acid testingPaper-based analytical devicePoint-of-care testing

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

  • Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) are promising for point-of-care diagnostics and field-based molecular testing.
  • μPADs utilize capillary action for sample manipulation, enabling integrated sample-to-answer nucleic acid assays without external pumps.
  • Sensitive signal readouts are crucial for detecting minute amounts of genetic material in clinical and biological samples.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review μPAD approaches for facile nucleic acid manipulation.
  • To highlight emerging signal transduction strategies for sensitive and specific nucleic acid detection in μPADs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of microfluidic paper-based analytical device technologies.
  • Analysis of capillary-driven fluid manipulation in paper-based devices.
  • Survey of signal transduction methods for nucleic acid detection.

Main Results:

  • μPADs facilitate streamlined nucleic acid extraction, separation, concentration, amplification, and detection.
  • Various signal transduction strategies enable sensitive and specific detection of nucleic acids within μPADs.
  • The integration of sample manipulation and detection enhances the utility of μPADs for molecular diagnostics.

Conclusions:

  • μPADs represent a versatile platform for developing rapid, low-cost, and sensitive nucleic acid detection assays.
  • The combination of efficient sample handling and sensitive detection methods in μPADs supports their application in point-of-care and field settings.
  • Further development of signal transduction strategies will enhance the capabilities of μPADs for molecular diagnostics.